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4th 6-weeks
Genetics, Evolution and Taxonomy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Dominant | An allele that is able to mask or hide another allele. Represented by a capital letter (i.e. R, T, S) |
| Recessive | An allele that is hidden by another allele. Represented by a lowercase letter(i.e. r, t, s) |
| Incomplete Dominance | When two different phenotypes combine to form a new phenotype. (i.e. Red and White flowers breed to form Pink) |
| Codominance | When two different phenotypes combine and both traits are present (i.e. speckled, striped, or spotted) |
| Heterozygous | A gene that contains two different alleles(i.e. Rr) |
| Homozygous | A gene that contains two of the same allele (i.e. RR or rr) |
| Allele | A version of a trait/gene (R or r). One is inherited from each parent. |
| Natural Selection | A gradual process in which favorable traits are passed on from generation to generation to ensure survival and reproductive success of the species. |
| Adaptations | A trait of an organism that is functional to the organism and is obtained through natural selection. |
| Genetic Drift | A change in population due to a random event. |
| Gene Flow | A change in a population due to migration (movement) of individuals into and out of the population. |
| Offspring | The product of reproduction for two parents. (i.e. children) |
| Genotype | The genetic makeup of a particular characteristic in an organism. |
| Phenotype | The physical appearance of a particular characteristic in an organism. |
| Ancestor | A parent, grandparent, great grandparent etc. Anyone from whom an organism has inherited traits. |
| Descendant | A child, grandchild, great grandchild etc. Anyone whom an organism has contributed traits to. |
| Common Ancestry | When two or more organisms have similar inherited traits derived from a single organism. |
| Homology | Similarities among organisms due to common ancestry. |
| Fossil | The preserved remains of a dead organism. (bones, molds, casts, teeth) |
| Survive | To remain alive. Important for the species as a whole. |
| Reproduce | The ability to create offspring. Important for the species as a whole. |
| Gene Frequency | The percentage of a certain allele within a population (i.e. how many blond, brown, or red hair alleles) |
| Taxonomy | A classification system for all living organisms based on shared characteristics. |
| Dichotomous Key | A key designed to help classify organisms by giving a set of sorting options that result in the name of the organism. |
| Species | The basic unit of taxonomic groups. Members within a species are able to breed and produce offspring. |
| Embryo | An unborn or unhatched offspring that is still developing. |
| Cladogram | A diagram used to show the relationships between organisms. Similar to a family tree. |
Created by:
ehokkanen
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