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Earth Science vocab

Topic 7 part 1

QuestionAnswer
Air Mass a large body of air in the troposphere with similar characteristics of pressure, moisture, and temperature
air pressure gradient the amount of difference in air pressure over a specific distance; the greater the pressure gradient the greater the speed of the wind
anemometer a weather instrument used to measure wind speed
atmospheric pressure the weight of the overlying atmosphere pushing down on a given unit of area affected by changes in temperature, water vapor, and altitude
atmospheric transparency how transparent the atmosphere is to insolation; how easily insolation can pass through the air
barometer an instrument used to measure air pressure
cloud cover the fraction or percent of the total sky at a location covered by clouds; expressed in tenths
cloud front the boundary of an advancing cold air mass and a warmer air mass, where the underlying cold air pushes forward like a wedge; characterized by a steep slope, rapid changes in weather, thunder storms, sometimes hail,and tornadoes
cyclone a low-pressure portion of the troposphere that has air moving towards its center; usually rotates counterclockwise in the Nothern Hemisphere and clockwise in the southern Hemisphere;
cyclonic storm a large type of low-pressure storm system formed in the mid-latitudes; also called mid-latitude cyclones
dew point the temperature at which the air becomes saturated with water vapor and the relative humidity is 100% at temperatures below the dew point
Front the interface of boundary between two air masses of different characteristics
humidity the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere
isobar in isoline used on weather and climate maps that connects points of equal air pressure
jet stream a concentrated curving band of high speed, easterly moving winds usually at the top of Earth's troposphere
Created by: kjrhebergen4
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