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chapter 3

TermDefinition
matter matter is anything that mass and takes up space
elements elements are the ingredients that make up all the other substances
metals metals can conduct electricity and heat. Can bend without breaking. Have a gray color
nonmetals don't conduct heat or electricity very well may be gas or solid
semi-metals sometimes like metals and sometimes like nonmetals
atom the smallest part of an element that still acts like that element
Atomic theory states that everything is made of atoms
compound a type of matter made of two or more elements
molecule the smallest particle of a compound that still acts like that compound
proton positive charge found in the nucleus
electron negative charge orbits the nucleus
neutron no charge. found in the nucleus
solid Has a definite volume or shape. Particles are very close together, and don’t move past each other. Keeps its shape
liquid Has a definite volume but not shape. Particles can move past each other. Takes shape of container
gas No definite volume or shape. Particles spread out evenly and take shape of container. Can be squeezed into a smaller volume
plasma Like a gas, but conducts electricity like a metal. Occurs with high temps or electric charge.
melting point Solid to liquid or liquid to solid. Same temperature as freezing point
evaporation When liquids become a gas
condensation When gas becomes a liquid. Gas particles touch a cold surface and the temperature drops.
boiling point The temperature at which evaporation occurs
mixture Two or substances that mix together but each keeps its own identity
solution A mixture where substance spreads out evenly and will not settle
solute The substance being dissolved
solvent What the substance is dissolved in
solubility A way to measure how much a material dissolves into another
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