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chapter 3
Term | Definition |
---|---|
matter | matter is anything that mass and takes up space |
elements | elements are the ingredients that make up all the other substances |
metals | metals can conduct electricity and heat. Can bend without breaking. Have a gray color |
nonmetals | don't conduct heat or electricity very well may be gas or solid |
semi-metals | sometimes like metals and sometimes like nonmetals |
atom | the smallest part of an element that still acts like that element |
Atomic theory | states that everything is made of atoms |
compound | a type of matter made of two or more elements |
molecule | the smallest particle of a compound that still acts like that compound |
proton | positive charge found in the nucleus |
electron | negative charge orbits the nucleus |
neutron | no charge. found in the nucleus |
solid | Has a definite volume or shape. Particles are very close together, and don’t move past each other. Keeps its shape |
liquid | Has a definite volume but not shape. Particles can move past each other. Takes shape of container |
gas | No definite volume or shape. Particles spread out evenly and take shape of container. Can be squeezed into a smaller volume |
plasma | Like a gas, but conducts electricity like a metal. Occurs with high temps or electric charge. |
melting point | Solid to liquid or liquid to solid. Same temperature as freezing point |
evaporation | When liquids become a gas |
condensation | When gas becomes a liquid. Gas particles touch a cold surface and the temperature drops. |
boiling point | The temperature at which evaporation occurs |
mixture | Two or substances that mix together but each keeps its own identity |
solution | A mixture where substance spreads out evenly and will not settle |
solute | The substance being dissolved |
solvent | What the substance is dissolved in |
solubility | A way to measure how much a material dissolves into another |