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chapter 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| matter | everything that has mass and takes up space |
| element | the ingredients that make up all the other substances, cant be broken down in to other substances |
| metals | good conductors of electricity and heat. cant bend without breaking. Most have a gray color |
| non metals | do not conduct heat/electricicty very well. may be a gas or solid |
| semi metals | sometimes like metals and sometimes like non metals |
| atom | the smallest part of an element that still acts like that element |
| atomic theory | states that everything is made of atoms |
| compound | a type of matter made of two or more elements |
| molecule | smallest particle of a compound that still acts like that compound |
| proton | Positive charge. Found in the nucleus |
| nuetron | No charge. Found in the nucleus |
| electron | Negative charge. Orbits the nucleus |
| solid | Has a definite volume or shape. Particles are very close together, and don’t move past each other. Keeps its shape. |
| liquid | Has a definite volume but not shape. Particles can move past each other. Takes shape of container |
| gas | No definite volume or shape. Particles spread out evenly and take shape of container. Can be squeezed into a smaller volume |
| plasma | Like a gas, but conducts electricity like a metal. Occurs with high temps or electric charge |
| melting point | Solid to liquid or liquid to solid. Same temperature as freezing point. |
| evaporation | When liquids become a gas |
| condensation | When gas becomes a liquid. Gas particles touch a cold surface and the temperature drops |
| boiling point | The temperature at which evaporation occurs |
| mixture | Two or more substances that mix together but each keeps its own identity |
| solution | A mixture where substance spreads out evenly and will not settle |
| solute | The substance being dissolved |
| solvent | What the substance is dissolved in |
| solubility | A way to measure how much a material dissolves into another |