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chapter 3.1
Term | Definition |
---|---|
compound | a type of matter made of two or more elements |
Atomic theory | states that everthing is made of atoms |
Matter | Everything that has mass and takes up space |
Element | the ingredients that make up all other substances. Cant be broken down into other substances. |
Metals | good conductors of electricity and heat. can bend without breaking Most have gray color |
Nonmetals | Do not conduct heat / electricity very well. May be a gas or a solid. |
Semi-metals | sometimes like metals and sometimes like nonmetals. |
Atom | the smallest part of an element that still acts like that element. |
Molecule | smallest particle of a compound that still acts like that compound |
Proton | Positive charge. Found in the nucleus |
Neutron | No charge. Found in the nucleus |
electron | Negative charge. Orbits the nucleus |
solid | Has a definite volume or shape. Particles are very close together, and don’t move past each other. Keeps its shape. |
liquid | Has a definite volume but not shape. Particles can move past each other. Takes shape of container |
gas | No definite volume or shape. Particles spread out evenly and take shape of container. Can be squeezed into a smaller volume |
plasma | Like a gas, but conducts electricity like a metal. Occurs with high temps or electric charge |
melting point | Solid to liquid or liquid to solid. Same temperature as freezing point |
EVAPORATION | When liquids become a gas |
CONDENSATION | When gas becomes a liquid. Gas particles touch a cold surface and the temperature drops. |
BOILING POINT | The temperature at which evaporation occurs |
MIXTURE | Two or substances that mix together but each keeps its own identity |
SOLUTION | A mixture where substance spreads out evenly and will not settle |
SOLUTE | The substance being dissolved |
SOLVENT | What the substance is dissolved in |
SOLUBILITY | A way to measure how much a material dissolves into another |