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Quiz 1 Review (per5

DNA structure and replication

TermDefinition
What is DNA made of, and what does its structure look like? nucleotides make up DNA
what does its structure look like? strands connect to nitrogen bases. they connect to the sugar phosphate backbone connecting to the deoxyribose sugars, which connect to the phosphates. hydrogen bonds bind complimentary strands together, forming a double helix
What are the complementary base pairs in DNA? adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine
When do cells need to make more copies of their DNA? for growth; injury, illness; puberty; meiosis; pregnancy; skin cells
why do cells need to make more copies of their DNA? to survive life, continue growing, healing, etc.
How is DNA replicated? semi-conservatively: the parent and daughter strands combine;
What is the type of strand that DNA is made with? Complementary
What are the sequences of DNA? AT (apple tree) CG (chewing gum)
during which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replicate? Synthesis
Semi-conservative replication definition produces IDENTICAL DNA molecules with both one old strand (parent) and one new strand (daughter) semi=half conserve=save
DNA polymerase enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides,
What makes DNA replication so fast? the DNA origins (the proteins that are needed to be released)
What makes DNA replication accurate? A faithful polymerase makes an accurate copy of DNA.
Do mistakes ever happen when replicating DNA? Mistakes can happen; if they do, mutations occur in DNA and cancer is diagnosed
Created by: sheaf9618
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