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TExES Competency 038
Earth and Space Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| __________ are formed by colliding plates. | Mountains |
| The wearing down of mountains and rock by forces such as water, wind, and ice. | Erosion, Weathering |
| The average circumference of the Earth at the equator is ________ miles, and its radius is about ________ miles. | 25,902 3,959 |
| The ____ is the outer portion of the Earth where we live. It contains various types of soil, metals, and rocks. It is also broken down into several floating tectonic plates | Crust |
| The ___ is the thickest layer of the Earth located right below the crust. It is composed mostly of rocks and metals. | Mantle |
| The ____ is the inner part of the Earth. It is composed of a solid inner core and an outer core that is mostly liquid. | Core |
| The three main forces and processes change the surface of the Earth. | weathering, geological movements, and the creation of glaciers |
| ______ is the process of breaking down rock, soils, and minerals, through natural, chemical, and biological processes. | Weathering |
| _______ occurs in places like the desert when the soil is exposed first to high temperatures, which cause it to expand, & then to cold temperatures, which make the soil contract. | Exfoliation |
| ____ breaks down rock when water gets into rock joints or cracks & then freezes & expands, breaking the rock. | Free-thaw |
| What are the most common examples of chemical weathering are: | acid formation, hydration |
| ____ is the movement of sediment from one location to the other through the use of water, wind, ice, or gravity. | Erosion |
| The _____ was created by the processes of weathering and erosion. | Grand Canyon |
| The movement of the Earth's plates that forces rock layers to fold, creating mountains, hills, and valleys. This movement causes ____ in the Earth's crust, breaking rocks and reshaping the environment. Deep crack that marks the boundary between 2 plates. | faults |
| The ____ is used to measure the amount of energy released by the earthquake. Runs from 0 to 9. | Richter Scale |
| ____ are formed by the constant motion of tectonic plates. Creates pressure that forces magma from the mantel to escape to the surface, creating an explosion of lava, fire, and ash. | Volcanoes |
| _____ is the force of attraction that exists between objects. Keeps the Earth in its orbit by establishing a balance b/w the attraction of the sun & the speed at which the Earth travels around it. | Gravity |
| _____ is the water in streams, lakes, and rivers, and all water that is on the surface of the land. | Surface Water |
| ____ is water that seeps beneath the surface of the land and forms an underground "river" of water. | Ground Water |
| The Earth is surrounded by a large mass of gas called the____. | Atmosphere |
| The atmosphere is composed of ____ % nitrogen ____ % oxygen and ___ % argon | 78, 21, 1 |
Created by:
jwilliams2626
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