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Chapter 8

Chromosomes

TermDefinition
Chromosomes rod-shaped structures made of DNA and proteins
Histone Help maintain the shape of the chromosome and aid in the tight packing of DNA
Chromatid Each half of the chromosome
Centromere The point at which the two chromatids are attached
Chromatin The less tightly coiled DNA- protein complex
Sex Chromosome chromosomes that determine the sec of an organism and carry genes
Autosome All other chromosomes in an organism, there are 44
Homologous Chromosome The two copies of each autosome; or homologues
Karyotype an array of the chromosomes found in an individual’s cells at metaphase of mitosis and arranged in homologous pairs and in order of diminishing size
Diploid Cells with two sets of chromosomes
Haploid Cells which contain only one set of chromosomes; sperm and egg cells
Created by: McLeanE18
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