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Lang Genetics

Genetics Science Test

TermDefinition
trait a characteristic, such as seed color
heredity the passing of traits from parents to offspring
genetics the study of heredity
genes the factors that control traits
alleles the different forms of a gene
dominant always shows up in an organism ex. B
recessive is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present ex. b
hybrid has two different alleles for a trait ex. Bb (also know as heterozygous)
phenotype physical apperance ex. spongebob is yellow
genotype combination of alleles (letters) ex. YY makes spongebob yellow
homozygous means the alleles are the same also called purebred ex. BB or bb
heterozygous means the alleles are different also called hybrid ex. Bb
purebred always produces offspring that have the same trait ex. BB or bb (also know as homozygous)
3 examples of traits passed by heredity face shape, hair color, blood type
acquired trait an organism develops after it is born
environmental- acquired trait A flamingo is pink because it cats pink food.
learned- acquired trait The ability to ride a skateboard or bike.
manipulated- acquired trait Breeding plants or animals to get the most desirable traits.
chromosomes are short, thick coils of DNA
How many chromosomes are in human cells? 46
How many chromosomes are in human gametes (egg or sperm)? 23
Why do body cells have twice as many chromosomes as gametes? When the egg and sperm combine together, they make up 46 chromosomes. They create a new cell that will become a new individual (baby) with a complete set of 46 chromosomes.
Created by: 17alang
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