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Ecology Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecology | The study of the interactions that take place among organisms and their environment |
| Population | All the organisms in an ecosystem that belong to the same species |
| Community | All the populations in an ecosystem |
| Habitat | provides shelter and resources so that animals can survive |
| Niche | the role of an organism in its ecosystem |
| Producer | makes its own energy through photosynthesis (aka autotroph) |
| Consumer | must consume other organisms to gain energy (aka heterotroph) |
| Biotic | living |
| Abiotic | nonliving |
| Limiting Factor | any resource that limits how large a population can grow |
| Competition | Organisms attempt to use an ecological resource at the same place and the same time |
| Resource | anything necessary to survive (food, water, space, mate, shelter, oxygen, sunlight) |
| Predation | Interaction where a consumer captures and feeds on another consumer |
| Predator | Organism that does the killing and eating |
| Prey | Organism that is being killed and eaten (victim) |
| Symbiosis | Any close relationship between two species |
| Mutualism | Both species benefit from the relationship (+/+) |
| Commensalism | One member of the relationship benefits while the other is neither harmed nor helped. One |
| Parasitism | One organism lives on or inside another organism and harms it (+/ |
| Host | Organism that is harmed in a parasitic relationship; the one that provides the nutrients to the parasite |
| Parasite | Organism that gets its nutrients from the host |
| 5 Basic Needs | Oxygen, Food, Water, Living Space, Proper Temperature |
| Adapting | to change in order to make “fit” or suitable for an environment |
| Adaptation | any body structure or behavior that helps an organism survive |
| Structural Adaptation | physical characteristics that help an organism survive |
| Behavioral Adaptation | Activities performed by an organism to help it survive |
| Camouflage | an adaptation where an animal can hide by blending in with its surroundings |
| Mimicry | an adaptation where one organism imitates another organism |
| Instinct | a pattern of behavior that requires no thinking |
| Migration | an instinctive behavior in which some animals move from one place to another for a period of time |
| Hibernation | an instinctive behavior in which some animals spend the winter in an inactive condition |
| Learned Behavior | a behavior that an animal learns through experience |
| Natural Selection | over time, populations change naturally. Beneficial traits become more common. Harmful traits become less common (and eventually disappear) |
| Selective Breeding | Humans select specific organisms to breed together, in order to get certain “desirable” traits |
Created by:
kristyvland
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