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Genetics & Heredity
DDMS 7th Grade - Genetics & Heredity Study Material
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The passing of characteristics from parents to offspring | Heredity |
| The scientific study of heredity | Genitics |
| A physical characteristic that an organism can pass to its offspring through genes | Trait |
| An offspring of many different generations that all have the same trait | Purebred |
| The part of our chromosomes that control certain traits | Genes |
| The different forms that a gene may have | Allele |
| An allele whose trait always shows up when it is present | Dominant Allele |
| An allele whose trait may be hidden if a dominant allele is present | Recessive Allele |
| A number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur | Probability |
| A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross | Punnett Square |
| An organisms physical appearance, or visible traits | Phenotype |
| An organisms genetic make-up, or allele combination | Genotype |
| An organism that has two different alleles for a trait | Heterozygous |
| An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait | Homozygous |
| The condition when two different alleles are present, and both traits are shown | Codominance |
| The condition when two different alleles are present, and both traits are blended together | Incomplete Dominance |
| A man is Heterozygous for his brown eyes, and he marries a blue eyed woman. What is the probability of having a brown eyed child? | 50% |
| If Dimples are dominant to No Dimples, what are the possible genotypes for someone with dimples & without dimples? | Dimples: DD or Dd No Dimples: dd |
| Black fur is dominant to brown fur in cats. What are the possibilities when a two heterozygous black cats are crossed? | 75 %black 25% brown |
| Long hair is dominant to short hair in guinea pigs. What is the probability of having a short haired guinea pig when a homozygous long hair and a short hair guinea pig are crossed? | 100% long 0% short |
| If freckles are a dominant trait, is it possible for two parents with freckles to have a child without freckles? Explain. | Yes, if both parents are heterozygous, they have a 25% chance of having freckle-less child |
| If brown hair is dominant to blonde, is it possible for 2 blonde parents to have a brown haired child? Explain | No, both parents would have 2 recessive alleles, so the child would have to be blonde. |
| A person who carries a recessive gene for a trait, but does not show the trait | Carrier |
| If you have an allele for type A blood, and an allele for type o blood, what blood type will you have? | Type A |
| If you have an allele for type B blood, and an allele for type A blood, what blood type will you have? | Type AB |
| Who is more likely to have a sex-linked trait? | Males |
| If a male has a sex-linked trait, which parent did he get that trait from? | His Mother |
| Can a male be a carrier for a sex linked trait? Why? | No; if a male has even one recessive allele, he will have the trait. |
| Why can a sex-linked traits sometimes occur if a person has only one recessive allele? | If there is no dominant allele with it, the trait will occur |
| A chart that tracks which family members have a particular trait | Pedigree |
Created by:
jfakins
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