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Genetics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Geneotype refers to an organisms.... | alleles or the letters of their genes |
| phenotype refers to an organisms... | looks or whether or not they express that trait |
| what is a punnet square? | a tool in genetics used to predict the outcome of crosses |
| how many sex chromosomes in a human are there? | 2 |
| how many regular chromosomes in a human are there? | 44 |
| what are chromosomes made of? | DNA and proteins |
| where are chromosomes found? | in the nucleus of a cell |
| who is the monk known as the "father of genetics"? | Gregor Mendel |
| what is genetics? | the study of heredity |
| what is heredity? | how traits are passed from parents to offspring |
| what are offspring? | children/babies |
| what is a pedigree? | a tool in genetics used to see how traits are inherited in families |
| what does homozygous mean? | both alleles are the same |
| what does heterzygous mean? | the alleles are different |
| what does homozygous dominant mean? | both alleles are dominant |
| what does homozygous recessive mean? | both alleles are recessive |
| what does a carrier mean? | one allele is dominant and one is recessive |
| if a disorder is recessive will a carrier have that disorder? | no |
| if a disorder is recessive will someone that is homozygous recessive have that disorder? | yes |
| what is an allele? | a version of a trait |
| how many alleles for a trait do you receive from your mom? | one |
| what does sex-linked mean? | it means the trait or disorder is linked to a sex chromosome |
| what sex chromosomes do men have? | XY |
| what sex chromosomes do women have? | XX |
| Which sex chromosome carriers so few genes that we do not put letters after it in punnet square problems? | Y |
| in a pedigree circles represent? | females |
| in a pedigree squares represent? | males |
| in a pedigree when a circle and square are linked by a horizontal line this shows | marriage |
| in a pedigree if there are two rows of circles and squares how many generations are there? | two. |