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ch. 9

ch. 9 science

QuestionAnswer
active transport the movement of ions or molecules across a cellular membrane from a lower to a higher concentration, requiring the consumption of energy.
diffusion the transfer of atoms or molecules by their random motion from one part of a medium to another
endocytosis the transport of solid matter or liquid into a cell by means of a coated vacuole or vesicle.
enzyme any of various proteins, as pepsin, originating from living cells and capable of producing certain chemical changes in organic substances by catalytic action, as in digestion.
equilibrium the condition existing when a chemical reaction and its reverse reaction proceed at equal rates.
exocytosis the transport of material out of a cell by means of a sac or vesicle that first engulfs the material and then is extruded through an opening in the cell membrane.
fermentation a chemical reaction in which a ferment causes an organic molecule to split into simpler substances.
inorganic compound compound, such as H2O, that is made from elements other than carbon and whose atoms usually can be arranged in only one structure.
metabolism the total of all chemical reactions in an organism.
mixture a combination of substances in which the individual substances do not change or combine chemically but instead retain their individual properties; can be gases, solids, liquids, or any combination of them.
organic compound A compound containing hydrocarbon groups.
osmosis the diffusion of fluids through membranes or porous partitions.
passive transport a movement of biochemicals and other atomic or molecular substances across cell membranes.
photosynthesis the complex process by which carbon dioxide, water, and certain inorganic salts are converted into carbohydrates by green plants, algae, and certain bacteria, using energy from the sun and chlorophyll.
respiration the sum total of the physical and chemical processes in an organism by which oxygen is conveyed to tissues and cells, and the oxidation products, carbon dioxide and water, are given off.
Created by: caryn twyman
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