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SNC 1DI SPACE
THE STUDY OF THE UNIVERSE REVIEW
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| axis | The imaginary line that passes through Earth's center and the North and South poles |
| rotation | The spinning motion of a planet around its axis |
| revolution | The movement of one object around another object |
| orbit | The path of an object as it revolves around another object in space |
| day | Each 24 hour cycle of day and night |
| astronomy | The study of the moon, stars and other objects in space |
| What causes day and night? | Earth's rotation on its axis |
| Why does Earth have seasons? | The Earth's axis is tilted as it moves around the sun |
| solstice | The 2 days of the year when the sun is overhead at 23.5 degrees North or South (longest or shortest days of the year) |
| equinox | Days and nights are exactly the same length because neither hemisphere is tilted away from the sun |
| How is the Northern Hemisphere titled in relation to the sun when it is summer? | The Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards to the sun |
| Why is it warmer near the equator? | At the equator sunlight hits Earth's surface directly and is less spread out. |
| How does the moon move? | The moon revolves around the Earth and rotates on its own axis. |
| What causes the different phases of the moon? | The positions of the sun, moon, and Earth and how they line up. |
| How often does the moon go through a whole set of phases? | Around once a month or each time the moon revolves aroudn the Earth |
| Describe a New Moon | The side of the moon facing Earth is dark |
| Describe a First quarter | Half of the side of the moon facing Earth is lighted |
| Describe a Full Moon | All of the moon facing Earth is lighted |
| Describe a Third quarter | Half of the side of the moon facing Earth is lighted |
| When does an eclipse occur? | When the moon's shadow hits Earth or Earth's shadow hits the moon |
| What is a solar eclipse? | When the moon blocks sunlight from reaching Earth |
| What is a lunar eclipse? | When Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon. |
| What is the arrangement of the Earth, moon, and sun during a lunar eclipse? | Earth is directly between the moon and the sun. |
| What are tides? | The rise and fall of ocean levels. |
| Why do tides occur? | Differences in how much the moon pulls on different part of the Earth (gravity) |
| Describe the moon surface. | It contains craters, highlands and maria |
| nuclear fusion | the process by which nuclei of small atoms combine to form a new, more massive nucleus; the process releases energy |
| radiative zone | the region of the sun’s interior in which energy moves through waves or particles |
| convective zone | the region of the sun’s interior in which energy is carried upward by circulation of matter |
| photosphere | the visible surface of the sun |
| chromosphere | thin layer of the sun that glows a reddish color during eclipses |
| corona | the outermost layer of the sun’s atmosphere |
| ions | electrically charged particles |
| spectrum | the complete range of colors in the rainbow, from short wavelengths (blue) to long wavelengths (red) |
| core | the center of the sun |
| solar wind | the flow of electrically-charged particles from the sun into the rest of the solar system |
| Venus and Earth are called twins. Why? | because they are so close in size and distance. |
| Mars is also known as the "______ planet" | the RED planet |
| Jupiter rotates faster than any other planet...so fast that it's day is only how many earth hours long? 10, 15, 18 | 10 |
| How long would it take to get to Mars from earth? 1 month, 1 year, 5 years | 1 year |
| Venus spins in the opposite direction of 7 of the other planets. True or False? | TRUE |
| Jupiter is how many times larger than the earth? 5, 11,14 | 11 |
| One day (complete rotation) for Venus is earths' ____ days. 243,143,43 | 243 days |
| What planet is 4th from the sun? | Mars |
| How long does it take for Jupiter to orbit around the sun (for it's 1 year)? 3, 12,20 Earth years | 12 Earth years |
| What planet is 8th from the sun? | Neptune |
| What planet is 7th from the sun? | Uranus |
| What planet is 6th from the sun? | Saturn |
| What former planet is 9th from the sun? | Pluto |
| While learning about Mars thru space probes, what is there strong evidence of having existed once upon the planet's surface and may still exist under it's outer layers?. | Water because there are channels, valleys, and gullies on the planet's surface |
| What planet is 3rd from the sun? | Earth |
| What are Mars' temperatures near it's poles? -100, -150, -195 degress F | as low as about -195 degrees F near the poles in the winter |
| What planet is 2nd from the sun? | Venus |
| What planet is 5th from the sun? | Jupiter |
| What are Saturns' rings made of ? | Rocks and Ice |
| How many earth days makes one orbit around the sun (1 YEAR) on Mars? 187,687, 987 | 687 Earth days |
| How hot is Venus? | 870 degrees F - hotest planet in solar system |
| Why is Mars a bright reddish-orange? | Because of its iron rich minerals in the soil |
| Venus' day is longer than its __________ | Year - 243 days to rotate, but 225 Earth days for a complete orbit (year) |
| On what planet is the solar day 24 hours 39 minutes 35 seconds long | Mars |
| What planet is closest to the sun? | Mercury |
| constellation | a pattern of stars in the sky. |
| visible light | electromagnetic radiation that can be seen with the unaided eye. |
| electromagnetic radiation | energy that travels through space in the form of waves. |
| wavelength | the distance between the crest of one wave and the crest of the next. |
| spectrum | the range of wavelengths of electro magnetic waves. |
| reflecting telescope | a telescope that uses one or more mirrors to gather light. |
| observatory | a building that contains one or more telescopes. |
| galaxy | a giant structure that contains hundreds of billions of stars. |
| universe | all of space and everything in it. |
| light-year | the distance that light travels in one year. |
| giant star | a very large star, much larger than the sun. |
| Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram | a graph relating the temperature and brightness of stars. |
| main sequence | an area on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram that runs from the upper left to the lower right and includes more than 90 percent of all stars. |
| pulsar | a neutron star that produces radio waves. |
| nebula | a large abount of gas and dust in space, spread out in an immense volume. |
| protostar | a contracting cloud of gas and dust; the earliest stage of a star's life |
| white dwarf | the remaining hot core of a star after its outer layers have expanded and drifted out into space. |
| supernova | the explosion of a dying giant or super giant star. |
| neutron star | a tiny star that remains after a supernova explosion. |
| black hole | the remains of an extremely massive star pulled into a small volume by the force of gravity. |
| quasar | a distant galaxy with a black hole at its center. |
| binary star | a star system that contains two stars. |
| spiral galaxy | a galaxy whose arms curve outward in a pinwheel pattern. |
| elliptical galaxy | a galaxy shaped like a flattened ball, containing only old stars with little to not gas and dust. |
| irregular galaxy | a galaxy that does not have a regular shape. |
| big bang | the initial explosion that resulted in the formation and expansion of the universe. |
| The process by which stars produce heat and light. | Fusion |
| The most abundant gas in the universe. | Hydrogen |
| When two atoms of hydrogen are fused together they create? | Helium |
| What most stars are made of. | Hydrogen |
| This force tries to crush the star. | Gravity |
| This force pushes back against the force of gravity and keeps the star from collapsing. | Fusion |
| A star begins its life in a cloud of gas a dust called a... | Nebula |
| A nebula is created by a(n) | Exploding star or super nova |
| Gravity begins to squeeze the nebula together. When enough hydrogen is brought together a baby star is born. This baby star is called a(n)... | Protostar |
| A stars death is determined by the stars.... | Mass |
| Our Sun will begin its death scene by expanding to become a(n).... | Red Giant |
| Once our sun puffs away huge layers of itself the remains will be crushed to form a(n).... | White dwarf |
| These stars are the hottest with a surface temperature of 36,000 degrees. | Blue Stars |
| These stars are second hottest with a surface temperature of 18,000 degrees. | White Stars |
| These stars are second coolest with a surface temperature of 10,000 degrees. | Yellow Stars |
| These stars are coolest with a surface temperature of 5,600 degrees. | Red Stars |
| Our star, the Sun, when is begins to die will swell up and become a | Red Giant |
| The red giant will be crushed by gravity into a | White Dwarf |
| Stars more massive than the Sun will be crushed into a mass of neutrons called a.. | Neutron Star |
| A neutron star that is crushed will become a.. | Black Hole |
| Looking for a star rotating around an invisible partner at high speeds. | How to look for a black hole |
| Looking for light that is distorted and bent. | Another way to look for a black hole. |
| A grouping of millions of stars. | Galaxies |
| Our galaxy | The Milky Way |
Created by:
douglal
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