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SNC1DI - ELECTRICITY
ELECTRICITY REVIEW
Question | Answer |
---|---|
voltmeter | measures the electric potential between two points in a ciruit |
wall outlet | Brings electrical energy in from the community power supply |
switch | Can be opened to stop current flow or closed to allow current to flow |
resistor | A device that slows down the flow of electrons in conductors |
motor | Converts electrical energy into motion |
light bulb | Converts electrical energy into light and heat |
ground | Connects the circuit to the earth |
fuse | Prevents too much current from flowing through the circuit |
cell | Source of current. Long bar represents the positive terminal. |
battery | One,two or more cells joined together. This _______ is made up of 3 cells. |
ammeter | Measures the amount of electric current flowing in a circuit. |
Like charges | Charges that will repel |
Unlike charge | Charges that will attract |
Static electricity | The buildup of charges on an object which do not flow |
Friction | The transfer of electrons from one object to another by rubbing |
Conduction | The tranfer of electrons from one object to another by direct contact |
Law of conservation of charge | Electrons are not created or destroyed they are only transferred from one location to another |
Static cling | Static electricity that causes clothes to stick together and is what enables plastic wrap to cling |
Static discharge | The loss of static electricity as electric charges move off an object |
Lightning | a discharge of static electricity between clouds and the earth |
Pith Ball | A ball on a string used to detect static charge |
Potential difference | The difference in electrical potential between two places which pushes charge through a circuit |
Voltage | Another name for the potential difference, measured by a voltmeter |
Volt | The unit of measure for the potential difference |
Batteries and generators | Voltage sources |
Resistance | The opposition to the movement of electric charges flowing through a material |
Ammeter | An instrument used to measure current |
Amps | The unit used to measure current |
Ohm's Law | This Law states that resistance is equal to the voltage divided by the current |
Series circuit | An electric circuit with a single path |
Parallel circuit | An electric circuit with multiple paths |
Short circuit | An unintended path that allows current to follow a low resistance causing large current. |
Conductor | A material through which electrons move freely, forming an electric current |
Electric circuit | A complete path through which electric charges can flow |
Electric current | The flow of electric charges through a material |
Grounded | Allowing charges to flow directly from the circuit to the ground connection |
Insulator | A material through which the charges of an electric current are not able to move |
Third prong of an appliance plug | Part of a plug which connects the metal shell of an appliance to the safety grounding wire of a building |
Van de Graaff generator | a device which produces static electricity using a rubberband like belt |
Lightning rod | A metal rod mounted on the roof of a building in order to protect a building |
circuit breaker | A reusable device added to a circuit to prevent overheating |
Ohm | The unit of measure for resistance |
electricity | form of energy which can travel along conductors |
charged particles | particles that carry electricity |
matter | either solid, liquid or gas, that which has mass and occupies space |
atoms | extremely small particles which all matter is made up of |
electrons | negatively charged particles which orbit the nucleus of an atom |
neutrons | neutrally charged particles which are contained in the nucleus of the atom |
protons | positively charged particles which are contained in the nucleus of the atom |
nucleus | central core of an atom containing protons and neutrons |
conductors | objects that electricity is allowed to pass through |
insulators | objects that do not allow electrons to travel through |
negatively charged | objects that have gained electrons making them... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ |
positively charged | objects that have lost electrons making them _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ |
circuit | complete conducting loop where all components are linked together |
free electrons | electrons which are able to to transfer through a substance |
circuit diagram | simple way of drawing electrical circuits |
terminal | point of attachment for wires to a battery or meter |
current | the flow of electrons around a conducting circuit |
power source | an item such as a battery, electric supply or the wall socket |
components | objects which are part of an electrical circuit, lamp, battery, resistor etc |
load | object which converts electrical energy into other forms |
alternating current | current that keeps changing direction |
direct current | current which travels in one direction only |
volt | unit of voltage gain or loss |
ammeter | meter used to measure the size of a current |
voltmeter | meter used to measure the gain or loss of voltage |
fuse | a thin wire which melts if the current is too large, not reusable |
resistance | property which makes it hard for electrons to pass |
resistor | a component used to limit the current in a branch/part of a circuit |
voltage | the amount of push on the charge in a circuit (or energy per unit charge) |
power | total amount of energy supplied or used per second |
watt | unit of power |
What happens when you heat a substance? | The particles receive more energy and are able to move faster |
We use energy in many ways. Cooking food, lighting homes, etc. Energy always changes from one form to another and some always changes into ________ energy. | heat energy |
Give an example of wasted energy. | When turning on a lamp, it produces light and heat. The heat energy is wasted energy. |
Many substances are burned to release their chemical energy to provide heat and light. They are called fuels. Name at least 3. | wood, coal, gas, charcoal, oil, diesel oil, petrol, natural gas, and wax |
Give two examples of things that contain chemical stored energy. | food & fuels |
Name three alternative sources of electric energy to fossil fuels. | geothermal energy, wind power, solar power, hydroelectricity |
Nonrenewable Energy Source | energy source that cannot be restored for human use, such as fossil fuels |
Renewable Energy Source | energy source that is being replenished, even as it is being consumed- solar energy, geothermal energy, wind energy, and hydropower are examples |
Geothermal Energy | energy derived from heat under the Earth's surface |
Hydropower | energy from falling or moving water |