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LMS Ch 13.2 DR

Volcanic Eruptions Directed Reading

QuestionAnswer
Lava provides an opportunity for scientists to study?? The nature of Earth’s crust and mantle.
By analyzing the composition of volcanic rocks, geologists have concluded that there?? Are two general types of magma.
Magma or igneous rock that is rich in feldspar and silica and is generally light in color is called?? Felsic.
agma or igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron and is generally dark in color is called?? Mafic.
Mafic rock commonly makes up?? Oceanic Crust.
Felsic rock commonly makes up?? Continental Crust.
The force of a volcanic eruption is affected by?? The viscosity of magma.
Mafic magmas, with low viscosity and runny lava, cause?? Quiet eruptions.
Felsic magmas, with high viscosity and sticky lava, cause?? Explosive eruptions.
Explosive eruptions are most likely to be caused by magma with?? Large amounts of trapped, dissolved gases.
Oceanic volcanoes commonly form from?? Mafic magma.
Eruptions from oceanic volcanoes are usually?? Quiet eruptions.
When mafic lava cools rapidly it?? Forms a crust.
One of the most important warning signals of volcanic eruptions is?? A change in earthquake activity around the volcano.
Pyroclastic particles less than 2 mm in diameter that mostly fall on the land that immediately surrounds the volcano are called?? Volcanic Ash.
Pyroclastic particles less than 0.25 mm in diameter that are so small they might travel around Earth in the upper atmosphere are called?? Volcanic Dust.
Large pyroclastic particles less than 64 mm in diameter that generally fall near the vent are called , a name taken from a Latin word meaning “little stones.”?? Lapilli.
Large clots of lava thrown out of an erupting volcano while red-hot, that spin through the air, cool, and develop a round or spindle shape are called?? Volcanic Bombs.
The largest pyroclastic particles, which form from solid rock blasted from the volcano’s vent, are called?? Volcanic Blocks.
Pahoehoe?? Forms a smooth, ropy texture as it cools.
Aa Lava?? Forms jagged, sharp chunks when it cools.
Blocky Lava?? Breaks into large chunks at the surface while hot lava continues to flow underneath.
Volcanic Cone?? Structure formed by lava and pyroclastic material ejected during volcanic eruptions.
Crater?? The funnel-shaped pit at the top of a volcanic vent.
Shield Volcano?? A volcanic cone that is broad at the base and has gently sloping sides.
Cinder Cone?? Volcano with very steep slopes that are rarely more than a few hundred meters high and have angles close to 40°.
Composite Volcano?? Volcano made of alternating layers of hardened lava flows and pyroclastic material.
Created by: ericyonggyuhong
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