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Minerals And Rocks
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mineral | An element or compound formed by nature but not formed by living things, that has specific crystal structure and physical and chemical properties |
| Crystal Structure | Is a definite pattern in the way that particles in a substance are arranged |
| Moh's Hardness Scale | It is a scale that ranks minerals on hardness 1-10. |
| Luster | How a mineral reflects light from it's surface. |
| hardness | The ability of a mineral to resist being scratched. |
| cleavage | The property of splitting evenly along flat surfaces |
| fracture | how a mineral splits apart when it does not split evenly |
| streak | The color of a minerals powder |
| crystalization | The process by which atoms are arranged and form a material with a crystal structure. |
| solution | A mixture in which one substance dissolves in another |
| vein | The mineral form a narrow channel or slab in the rock. |
| geode | Is a rounded, hollow rock that is often lined with a crystal structure. |
| element | as substance composed of a single kind of atom |
| compound | A rock that has two or more minerals. |
| texture | how a rock feels |
| fine grained | A smooth texture that results from rapid cooling lava |
| coarse grained | A rough rock texture that results from slow cooling magma deep below the earths surface |
| porphyry rock | A rock with large crystals surrounded by small crystals |
| intrusive rock | Rock that forms from magma inside the earth |
| extrusive rock | Rock that forms from lava outside of the earth |
| compaction | the process that presses sediments together |
| erosion | the process in which running water, wind, or ice loosen and carry away rock fragments. |
| cemenation | the process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue sediments together. |
| deposition | The process by which sediment settles out of wind or water |
| clastic rock | sedimentary rock that forms when rock fragments are squeezed together |
| chemical rock | sedimentary rock that forms when minerals dissolved in a solution crystallize. |
| organic rock | sedimentary rock that forms from remains of plants and animals |
| sediment | small, solid pieces of material from rocks or living things. |
| foliated | Metamorphic rocks with grains arranged in parallel layers or bands. |
| non-foliated | Metamorphic rocks with grains arranged randomly |