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Minerals and Rocks

Science

TermDefinition
Mineral A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has crystal structure and a definite chemical composition.
Crystal Structure How you observe number and angle of crystal faces.
Moh's Hardness Scale Ranking of minerals on a scale of one to ten by hardness.
Luster How a mineral reflects light from its surface.
Hardness How hard a mineral is based on if other rocks can scratch it and Moh's Hardness Scale.
Cleavage The property of splitting evenly along a flat surface.
Fracture How a mineral breaks when it is NOT split evenly
Streak The color of a mineral's powder
Crystalization The process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a crystal structure.
Solution A mixture in which one substance dissolves in another
Vein A narrow channel or slab of a mineral that is much different than the surrounding rock
Geode A rounded, hollow rock that is often lined with mineral crystals
Element A substance that cannot be broken down.
Compound More than one element mixed together.
Texture How a rock looks and feels.
Fine Grained When the grains in a rock are small, but visible.
Coarse Grained When the grains in a rock are large and easy to see.
Porphyry Rock A rock that dries in two stages.
Intrusive Rock Forms from magma (igneous rock)
Extrusive Rock Forms from lava (igneous rock)
Compaction The process that pressed sediments together.
Erosion The process in which running water, wind, or ice loosen and carry away rock fragments.
Cementation The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue sediments together.
Deposition The process by which sediment settles out of wind or water.
Clastic Rock Sedimentary rock that forms when rock fragments are squeezed together.
Chemical Rock Sedimentary rock that forms when minerals dissolved in a solution crystallize.
Organic Rock Sedimentary rock that forms from the remains of plants or animals.
Sediment Small, solid pieces of material from rocks or living things.
Foliated Metamorphic rock with grains in a parallel pattern or bands.
Nonfoliated Metamorphic rocks with grains arranged randomly.
Created by: 1963022572
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