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Ch. 12 Section 1-4

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
weather short-term variations in atmosphere phenomena that interact and affect the environment and life on Earth.
climate the long-term average of variation in weather for a particular area.
air mass large volume of air that has the characteristics of the area over which it forms.
source region area over which an air mass forms.
Coriolis effect effect of the rotating body that influences the motion of any object or fluid.
polar easterlies global wind systems that lie between latitudes 60N and 60S and the pols and is characterized by cold air.
prevailing westerlies global wind system that lies between 300 degrees and 60 degrees north and south latitudes, where surface air moves toward the poles in an easterly direction.
trade winds two global wind systems that flow between 30 degrees north and south latitudes, where air sinks, warms, and returns to the equator in a westerly direction.
jet stream narrow wind band that occurs above large temperature contrasts and can flow as fast as 185 km/h.
front boundary between two air masses of differing densities; can be cold, warm, stationary, or occluded and can stretch over large areas of Earth's surface.
thermometer instrument used to measure temperature using either the Fahrenheit or Celsius scale.
barometer instrument used to measure air pressure.
anemometer weather instrument used to measure wind speed.
hygrometer weather instrument used to measure humidity.
radiosonde balloonborne weather instrument whose sensors measure air pressure, humidity, temperature, wind speed, and wind direction of the upper atmosphere.
Doppler effect change in the wave frequency that occurs due to the relative motion of the wave as it moves toward or away from an observer.
station model record of weather data for a specific place at a specific time using meteorological symbols.
isobar line on a weather map connecting areas of equal pressure.
isotherm line on a weather map connecting areas of equal temperature.
digital forecast weather forecast that uses numerical data to predict how atmospheric variables change over time.
analog forecast weather forecast that compares current weather patterns to patterns that occurred in the past.
Created by: cinthyatorres
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