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Unit 4B

Sun's Energy creating convection vocab. 8th grade

TermDefinition
thermal energy a form of energy that is the total kinetic energy (motion) of atoms and molecules in matter. (The faster the atoms move, the warmer the matter.)
atmosphere the whole mass of air surrounding Earth
wind a natural movement of air from an area of high density and pressure to an area of low density and pressure
air pressure the force exerted by the atmosphere on Earth’s surface by the weight of the air above the surface
convection transfer of thermal energy through circular motion caused by heating and cooling in fluids (liquids and gases)
Coriolis effect the apparent deflection (curving) of moving air, as seen by an observer on Earth. It is a result of Earth's rotation.
ocean currents directional movement of ocean water; surface currents result from steady winds over the ocean surface; deep currents result from density variations due to temperature and salinity differences.
anemometer scientific tool used to measure wind speed
solar radiation electromagnetic energy emitted from the Sun; travels through space in waves (rays)
corona the outer atmosphere of the sun; visible from Earth during a total solar eclipse
sun the star nearest to Earth and the center of our solar system; the source of almost all energy on Earth
sunspots short-lived dark spots on the surface of the sun, caused by magnetic activity and slightly cooler than the surrounding area
atmospheric contents 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, tiny amounts of other gases
fluid any substance that can flow. This includes liquids and gases.
conduction transfer of thermal energy that requires contact between the atoms or molecules
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