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Agents of E & D

QuestionAnswer
sea cliff Sea cliffs are formed when waves undercut rock to produce steep slopes through weathering and erosion.
sea stack Sea Stacks are offshore columns of resistant rock that were once connected to the mainland. Softer rock was weather and eroded away from waves.
arches Arches are made from water weathering and eroding softer rock layers. What is left is the denser/more compact rock layers. Desert arches are from streams long ago in the area. Sea arches form from wave weathering & erosion of a sea cave.
sea caves Sea caves form when waves weather and erode fractured or weak rock along the case of sea cliffs.
headlands Headlands are finger-shaped projections that form when cliffs made of hard rock weather and erode from waves more slowly than surrounding rock.
sandbar Sandbars are an underwater or exposed ridge of sand/rock/shells formed from waves depositing sand off shore.
glacial erratic Glacial erratics are boulders that are deposited from glaciers. They are made from rock that is not typical for that specific area. Example- granite boulders (made from lava) in our backyards!
u-shaped/ glacial valleys form when a glacier erodes a river valley from its original v shape to a u shape
V-shaped valleys V-shaped valleys are created when a river weathers and erodes the land over thousands of years.
moraine Ridges and piles of sediment that get dropped off from the glacier moving.
Aretes Aretes are formed as glaciers carve out mountains and leave behind thin, pointed peaks between the weathered and eroded areas
Cirques Cirques are bowl-shaped areas carved out by glacial weathering and erosion
Kames Kames are hills and mounds made from glacial till deposits. The sediment accumulates in a depression on the glacier and when it melts, the sediment is dropped off.
outwash plain the broad area in front of a glacier where sorted material is carried and deposited by streams
channel Channels are from stream/river weathering and erosion. It is the carved out path that the stream follows.
meander Meanders are the bends in a mature river's channel. They form from the outer banks of the meander eroding over a long period of time and the river depositing those materials on the inner bends.
delta Deltas are a fan shaped mass of material deposited at the mouth of a stream or river. When the river carrying the sediment hits a larger body of water, it slows down and drops the materials.
flood plain an area along a river that forms from sediments deposited when the river overflows its banks
dunes Sand dunes are common in the desert and at beaches. They form from wind depositing sand when it slows down.
rock pedestals These rock formations form over thousands of years when wind weathering and erosion in the desert causes abrasion by wind-borne grains of sand happens more often within the first 3 feet from the surface.
mechanical weathering breaking down of rock through a physical means, no chemical reactions occurs, the rock is the same just smaller.
chemical weathering breaking down of rock through chemical reactions.
erosion the picking up and moving of sediment from one place to another
deposition When the agent carrying the sediment slows down, it will drop the sediment and it will pile up.
beach Beaches are made from waves depositing sand and shells. The wave is carrying those materials as it is moving. When it slows down, it drops the material on the shore.
loess Silt-sized sediment that is deposited by the wind. The wind can spread this small sediment over a large area where it can build up. In the midwest US, there are areas where it can be over 10 meters thick!
point bar A point bar is the inner bend of a meander that is created when the river/stream carrying sediment slows down and gets deposited.
cut bank Cutbanks are the outer curves of meanders where the river/stream is moving fastest and eroding the stream bank.
weathering The breaking of rock into smaller pieces. Two types - chemical and mechanical/physical
Created by: kibbylj
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