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norms for final
chemistry, blood work, and urinalysis norms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Glucose | 70-110 |
| BUN | 10-20 |
| Sodium | 136-145 |
| Chloride | 98-106 |
| Potassium | 3.5-5.0 |
| PCO2 | 35-45 mmHg |
| Creatinine | (M)0.6-1.2 (F) 0.5-1.1 |
| Total Bilirubin | 0.3-1.0 |
| Calcium (ionized) | 4.5-5.6 |
| Magnesium | 1.5-2.5; |
| What would the normal level of specific Gravity in a urinalysis be? and what does this signify? | 1.005-1.030; signifies hydration status |
| what is the normal RBC range in urine and what is most common with higher levels? | less than or equal to 2; hematuria is found in higher levels |
| What is the normal pH level of urine and what will the highs and lows indicate? | 4-8; higher levels indicate infection; lower levels indicate acidosis and dehydration |
| what is the normal range for WBC in urine and what would raised levels indicate? | 0-4; higher levels would indicate an infection |
| Urinalysis blood | trace; known as hematuria |
| Urinalysis should be negative for: | bacteria, protein, leukocytes. glucose, ketones, and nitrates |
| what in urine indicates infection? | bacteria and leukocytes |
| protein in urine indicates | impaired glomerular function |
| what in urine indicates diabetets mellitus? | ketones and glucose |
| what do nitrates in urine indicate? | UTI infection |
| Normal blood work should show what level of WBCs? and what are the highs and lows signs of? | normal WBC is 5000-10000/mm3; higher levels are signs of leukocytosis and lower levels are signs of leukopenia |
| what is the normal percentage of neutrophils in blood work? | 55-70% |
| If neutrophils alter from normal range, what would be significant for a nurse to know? | higher levels could be sign of infection and lower levels are a sign of anemia; in elderly, a lower level can indicate a bacterial infection |
| what is the normal % of lymphocytes in blood work? | 20-40; high level is a viral or bacterial infection, and lower can indicate leukemia or sepsis |
| Monocytes % | 2-8 |
| what do high and low monocyte levels indicate? | higher are viral/parasitic infection and low are prednisone use |
| Esinophils % | 1-4 |
| what is most common with high levels of esinophils? low levels? | allergies or autoimmune diseases; adrenosteroid production is up |
| basophils % | 0.5-1 |
| high and lows for basophils in blood work mean? | high is leukemia and low is an acute allergic reaciton |
| RBC level | F 4.2-5.4 and M 4.7-6.1 |
| Hemoglobin level | F 12-16 and M 14-18; slightly decreased with age |
| Hematocrit level | F 37-47% and M 42-52%; slightly decreased with age |
| What do higher and lower levels of RBCs, Hgb, and Hct indicate? | higer levels are present when the patient is dehydrated and lower levels occur with anemia and the presence of a hemorrhage; |
Created by:
jewelsKC
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