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surgical pharm mod 1
surgical pharmacology module 01
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Absorption | process by which a drug is taken into the body and moves from the site of administration into the blood |
| Adverse effect | undesired, potentially harmful side effects of drugs |
| Agonist | drugs that bind to or have an attraction for a receptor and cause a particular response |
| Antagonist | drugs that bind to a receptor and prevent a response; receptor blockers |
| Bioavailability | indicates the degree to which the drug molecule reaches the site of action to exert its effects |
| Biotechnology | genetic engineering and recombinant DNA technology |
| Biotransformation | change lipid-soluble drug molecules into water-soluble molecules that can be more easily excreted |
| Bolus | slow infusion |
| Contraindication | reasons against giving a particular drug |
| Distribution | diffuse out of the bloodstream to the site of action |
| Duration | time between onset and disappearance of drug effects |
| Emulsion | medication is contained in a mixture of water and oil bound together with an emulsifier |
| Enteral | medication is taken orally; by mouth |
| Excretion | process of eliminating out of the body |
| Hypersensitivity | an adverse effect resulting from previous exposure to the drug or a similar drug |
| Idiosyncratic effect | rare and unpredictable adverse reactions to drugs; causing excessive or an inadequate response to a drug |
| Indication | reason or purpose for giving a medication |
| Local effect | site of application |
| Onset | first appearance of effects |
| Parenteral | administrated by subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous |
| Pharmacodynamics | study of how the body processes drugs |
| Pharmacokinetics | the science of how the action of drug affects the body |
| Plasma protein binding | drug molecules bind to proteins contained in plasma |
| Reconstituted | liquid mixed with a powder |
| Side effect | a predictable but unintended effect of a drug |
| Solubility | ability to be dissolved |
| Solution | mixture of drug particles fully dissolved in a liquid medium |
| Suspension | form in which solid undissolved particles float in a liquid |
| Synergist | a drug that enhances the effect of another drug |
| Systemic effect | throughout the entire body |
| Topical | applied to the skin surface |
| Controlled substances | Medications that are potential for abuse |
| Narcotics | "Schedule" drugs that is prohibited with strict governmental regulations |
| DEA | Drug Enforcement Administration; 1983 |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration; agency within the Department of Health and Human Services |
| The Joint Commission | evaluates and accredits health care organization and programs in the United States |
| OTC | over the counter medications |
| PDR | Physicians; Desk Reference; access to information on several thousand medication used in medical and surgical practice. |
| USP-NF | United States Pharmacopeia-National Formulary |
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