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Ocean review
Goes over properties of water, ocean composition, and ocean currents.
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What are ocean currents? | Cohesive streams of seawater that are caused by water movement and forces such as the wind, temperature, the moons gravitation, earths rotation, water density and salinity differences/changes. |
How many types of ocean currents are there and what are they called? | Two, surface and deep water currents. Also known as surface circulation and thermohaline currents. |
What does each type of current do? | Deep water: sweeps along the deep sea floor. Surface: stirs the thin upper layer of the sea. |
How many gyres are located in the world, and where are they located? | Five main gyres, although there are smaller ones located, too. Two are located in the Pacific Ocean, two in the Atlantic Ocean, and one in the Indian Ocean. |
What are gyres made up of, and how do they work? | Gyres are made up of ocean currents, and are driven by wind and gravity, also steered into their path by continents. |
What is salinity? | Salinity is a measure of the mass of dissolved solids in a mass of water. |
What is the difference between seawater and brackish water? | Seawater is from and ocean or sea that has an average salinity of 35ppt, while brackish water is just freshwater mixed with seawater. |
In which states of matter can water exist on nature on earth? | Liquid, gas, and solid. |
What causes water's unique properties? | Water is the only liquid that can be in 3 states in nature. (Gas, liquid, and solid) |
How does the ice make it possible for organisms to live in the lake in the winter? | The ice on top insulates the pond water underneath, which is not frozen, making suitable living conditions for organisms to live in. |
What happens when you add sugar to water? | It will dissolve in the water. This is why water is sometimes called the universal solvent. |
Why do water molecules attract to each other? | Water molecules will attract due to either cohesion and/or adhesion. |
What is polarity? | A condition where the opposite ends of a molecule have slightly opposite charges, but the overall charge of the molecule is neutral. |
Which ocean is the largest and which ocean is the deepest? | The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean, as well as the deepest. |
What are four criteria scientists use while classifying ocean zones? | 1. Amount of sunlight 2. Salinity 3. Density 4. Temperature |
Why is water sometimes called the universal solvent? | It dissolves solids, such as sugar and salt. |
Why does ice float in water? | The molecules are farther apart in an ices cube with less energy, because hydrogen bonding takes over, making the ice cube less dense and causing it to float. |
What are two sources of water for earths oceans? | 1. Water vapor expelled from volcanoes that condensed and precipitated. 2. Melted ice and asteroids. |
What are the five features of the ocean floor? | 1. Continental margins 2. (3 regions- continental shelf, slope, and rise) 3. Abyssal plains 4. Mid-ocean ridges 5. Ocean trenches |
What are the three ocean zones? | Surface zone, middle zone, and deep zone. |
In temperate regions, as depth increases, temperature does what? | Decreases. |
What is the coriolis effect? | The movement of wind and water to the right or left, depending on the hemishphere they are in. The coriolis effect is caused by earths rotation. |
What types of objects do you think the wind can move in the ocean? | Objects that are light, and that present a solid surface above the water. |
How does upwelling occurr? | When the wind blows warmer surface water away from an area and deeper, colder water moves upward and replaces it. |