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Oceans and Water
Review Guide McSwords
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How did Earth's oceans become salty? | A long time ago, water washed over rocks, picking up their minerals, including salt, and depositing them into what would become the oceans. |
| Define salinity. | The amount of solid salt content dissolved in a volume of water. |
| What are the two sources of Earth's water? | Water vapor expelled from volcanoes and them condensed; the melted ice from asteroids and comets. |
| What is brackish water and where does it form? | It is a mix of fresh and salt water found at the place where rivers and oceans coincide. |
| What wave lengths of light get through to the middle zone of the ocean? | Faint blue-green light. |
| Why does density remain constant throughout the polar region? | Because in other regions, depth makes the water colder and denser, but the surface water is already as cold as it can be (the same as the deeper water), so density is constant. |
| What are the four criteria scientists use to define ocean zones? | Amount of sunlight, temperature, salinity, and density. |
| What is the average salinity of sea water? | 35 ppt |
| What is the molecule water made of? | One oxygen and two hydrogen atoms. |
| Why is ice less dense then water? | Water molecules freeze in a formation that is more spread apart then water. |
| Water is a polar molecule: True or False | True: the fact that it is made because the positives (hydrogen) and the negatives (oxygen) that end up canceling out means that it is polar. |
| Water is the only substance on Earth that can be in all three states of matter: _____, ______, and ___. | Solid, liquid, gas |
| Why is water called the universal solvent? | Lots of things can dissolve in water because it is polar. |
| What is the difference between adhesion and cohesion? | Adhesion is water sticking to other surfaces; cohesion is water sticking to other water molecules. |
| How does ice help protect organisms living in water in the winter? | Ice works as an insulator to keep the water underneath warming them the air above. |
| How does a bug stand on water? | The attraction between water molecules allows the bug to be stable and stand on the water. |
| Define ocean current. | A large volume of water flowing throughout the oceans in a specific direction. |
| What type of currents are driven by wind? | Surface currents. |
| Which way to gyres circle in the southern hemisphere? | Counterclockwise; it is opposite in the northern hemisphere. |
| What are gyres and how many are there? | Gyres are circular system of multiple currents. There are 5. |
| Why do gyres in different hemispheres move in different directions? | The Coriolis effect. |
| What moves water and thermal energy all around the globe? | The great ocean conveyer belt. |
| What is upwelling? | The vertical movement of water upwards towards the surface. |
| You would expect areas near warm surface currents to be ____ and areas near cold surface currents to be ____. | Warm, cold |
Created by:
Thompson02
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