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Marine Bio Mid-Term
Marine Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is marine biology? | Study of animals living in the sea |
| The scientific Method can be best described as | procedures used to learn about our world |
| The factors that might affect observations are called | variables |
| A control can be best defined as | a variable that is kept constant in an experiment |
| How many major oceans are found in the world? | 6 |
| What is bathymetry? | changing depth of the sea floor |
| What is the world's largest and deepest ocean? | Pacific |
| The main feature of plate tectonics is | ocean floors are constantly moving |
| The force responsible for plate movement is | convention currents |
| A mid-oceanic ridge forms by faults in the Earth's crust called | divergent boundaries |
| A continental margins generally consist of | continental slope, rise and shelf |
| What is a shallow, underwater extension of a continent? | continental slope |
| The property of water where air and water meet is called | surface tension |
| What property of water moderates temperature fluctuations is called | heat capacity |
| The total amount of substances dissolved in seawater is termed | salinity |
| Which of the following methods is most commonly used to determine salinity? | density/specific gravity |
| Name the distance between one one wave crest and the next: | wavelength |
| What is the effect of the Earth's rotation on the winds moving across its surface? | Coriolis effect |
| How does a spring tide occur? | gravitational pull of moon and sun |
| How many degrees does the ocean upper layers move due to Echman Spiral? | 45 degrees |
| What are the main solutes in ocean water? | Na,Cl |
| What causes waves? | wind |
| What influences waves? | fetch, duration, wind speed |
| What are the characteristics of living things? | growth, reproduce, metabolize |
| What is the correct taxonomic level? | kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species |
| What is a characteristics of plankton? | have limited locomotion and are at the mercy of the water current |
| What are phytoplankton? | photosynthetic autotrophs |
| What is another name for heterotroph? | consumer |
| What are dinoflagellates? | photosynthetic organisms |
| What are zooplankton? | heterotrophic organisms, consumers |
| Are all plankton microscopic? | No |
| Which organisms consume plankton? | anemone, scallops, whales |
| Most larval stages of many invertebrates start out as | zooplankton |
| What causes red tides? | dinoflagellates |
| What level must be zero before fish can be acclimated into your tank? | nitrite, ammonia |
| What is the correct salinity for your aquarium? | 1.021 |
| Which factors should be taken into considering when purchasing livestock? | ease of care, aggressiveness, compatibility |
| What is the most important part of maintaining a marine aquarium? | salinity |
| What is the oceanography? | physical, chemical and biological aspects of ocean |
| What is the correct pH of your aquarium? | 8.2 |
| Phytoplankton consists of | diatoms and dinoflagellates |
| What affects sinking rates of plankton? | buoyancy due to gas-filled floats, increased surface area, increase water resistance |
| Give an example of a phytoplankton? | diatoms, dinoflagellates |
| What limits the growth of phytoplankton? | depth of the ocean |
| What are adaptations of plankton? | secreting oils for buoyancy, spiny extensions, modified fins |
| Which organisms display bioluminescence? | phytoplankton |
| Meroplankton spend only part of their life as | plankton |
| Give an example of a holoplankton | barnacle larva |
| Plankton can be found in this ocean zone | pelagic and photic |
| What is the first thing you do when setting up an aquarium? | rinse all equipment with freshwater |
| What is a distinguishing feature of a virus? | capsid |
| How do eukaryotes differ from prokaryotes? | nucleus |
| How are seaweeds different from algae? | multicellular |
| What is the stem-like structure of seaweeds? | stipe |
| What is a thallus? | complete body |
| How are marine plants characterized? | eukaryotic, multicellular, bottom-dwellers |
| Kingdom Animalia is characterized by | mostly multicellular |
| What phylum do sponges belong to? | Porifera |
| Large opening of a sponge is called? | osculum |
| What do all porifera share in common? | choanocytes |
| Sponges and cnidarians share these features? | mesoglea, radial symmetry, multicellular |
| What type of symmetry do porifera have? | asymmetry |
| What phylum do anemones belong to? | Cnidaria |
| What life stage is a jellyfish? | medusa |
| What are comb jellies? | organisms with mesoglea and eight bands of cilia |
| Which phyla doesn't have tissues or organs? | porifera, cnidarians, ctenophora |
| How are flatworms characterized? | bilateral symmetry, acoelomate |
| What is a distinguishing feature of a nematode? | proboscis, pseudocoelomate |
| What features do platyhelminthes and nematoda share? | bilateral symmetry, endoderm, ectoderm and mesoderm |
| What are general characteristics of Phylum Annelida? | segmentation, coelomate |
| What features do Phyla Nematoda and Annelida share? | bilateral symmetry, complete digestive system, central nervous system |
| What type of symmetry do mollusks have? | bilateral symmetry |
| What characteristics do all mollusks have? | mantle |
| What is a radula? | a structure used to scrap off food from rocks |
| Which class of mollusca is the most intelligent? | cephalopoda |
| This structure is reduced in the squid? | shell |
| How is class gastropoda characterized? | foot attached to its stomach |
| What are the features of arthropods? | digestive system, jointed legs, proboscis to capture prey |
| What type of skeleton do arthropods have? | exoskeleton |
| What class does a lobster belong to? | crustacea |
| What class does a horseshoe crab belong to? | merostomata |
| What are the features of echinoderms? | water vascular system, endoskeleton |
| What type of body symmetry do echinoderms have? | radial |
| What structures do echinoderms use for movement? | tube feet |
| Which organisms belong to the phylum Echinodermata? | sea star, sea cucumbers, brittle stars |
| Give an example of class Crinoidea | feather stars |
| What class does the sea cucumbers belong to? | holothuroidea |
| What type of scales do sharks have? | Placoid |
| How do sharks regulate their buoyancy? | their liver produces oil which is less dense than water |
| What is countershading? | darker colored dorsal side; lighter on their ventral side |
| What is the difference between skates and rays? | give birth |
| What is oviparity? | embryos are laid in egg cases |
| What are baby sharks called | pups |
| What does it mean to be demersal? | live on the bottom of the ocean |
| What type of scales do bony fish have? | ctenoid |
| What organs are used for all of the sharks six senses? | ampullae of lorenzini, spiracles, lateral line, nares, mouth, ears |
| What are Chondrichthyes fish made of? | cartilage |
| What is the importance of the spiracles? | breathe when mouth is closed |
| Why are sharks considered to be "living fossils"? | Sharks lived in the oceans long before animals on land |
Created by:
jlafferty
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