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vocabulary
photosynthesis and cell respiration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| photosynthesis | the process by which light energy is converted to chemical energy |
| autotrophs | organisms that use energy from sunlight or inorganic substances to make organic compounds |
| heterotrophs | organisms that get energy by consuming food |
| cellular respiration | the process by which cells harvest energy from food |
| pigment | a substance that absorbs light |
| chlorophyll | the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis (chlorophyll a and b) |
| carotenoids | absorb wavelengths of light different from those absorbed by chlorophyll |
| electron transport chain | the series of molecules down which excited electrons are passed in a thylakoid membrane |
| carbon dioxide fixation | the transfer of carbon dioxide to organic compounds |
| calvin cycle | a series of enzyme-assisted chemical reactions that produces a three-carbon sugar molecule |
| aerobic | a process that requires oxygen |
| anaerobic | a process that doesn't require oxygen |
| glycolysis | the process by which glucose is broken down to pyruvate |
| krebs cycle | a series of enzyme-assisted chemical reactions following glycolysis that produces carbon dioxide |
| fermentation | the recycling of NAD+ under anaerobic conditions |
| thylakoids | disk-shaped structures inside chloroplasts |
| cuticle | the part of the leaf that keeps water in |
| upper epidermis | the protective outer layer of the leaf |
| palisade mesophyll | the part of the leaf where most of the photosynthesis takes place |
| vein | transports nutrients throughout the leaf |
| air space | holds water and oxygen in the leaf |
| guard cell | opens and closes the stomate in the leaf |
| stomate | a hole that lets certain things enter and exit the leaf |
| ATP | energy that powers all cells reactions |
| ADP + P | ATP |
| energy flow | the predator gets 10% of it's preys energy |
| photosynthesis equation | 6CO2 + 6H2O in the presence of light and chlorophyll C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
| photoautotrophs | plants, algae, and some bacteria |
| visible light spectrum | Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet |
| chlorophyll gets it's color by... | reflecting green light and absorbing all over colors |
| chloroplast membrane | lipid bilayer |
| thylakoids | disks of membranes that contain chlorophyll |
| grana | stacks of thylakoids |
| stroma | fluid inside of the chloroplasts |
| light reactions | need light and take place in the thylakoid |
| calvin cycle or dark reaction | doesn't need light and takes place in the stroma |
| aerobic respiration | yields 38 ATP |
| anaerobic respiration | yields 2 ATP |
| cellular respiration equation | C6H12O6 + 6O2 in the presence of enzymes 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP |
| chemoautotrophs | use chemical energy from inorganic substances to make food |
| final electron acceptor in respirations electron transport chain | oxygen |
| final electron acceptor in photosynthesis' electron transport chain | NADP |
Created by:
merbearrx3
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