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Biology Unit 4 Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell | basic unit of life |
| cell membrane | a thin flexible barrier surrounding the cell |
| Nucleus | is a large membrane enclosed structure that contains genetic material in form of DNA and controls many of the cells activity |
| Eukaryotes | contains DNA in their nuclei |
| Prokaryotes | do not enclose DNA in a nuclei |
| Vacuoles and vesicles | Stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates |
| Lysosomes | Break down waste and detoxify poisons to clean up the cell |
| Cytoskeleton | Network of proteins filaments in a eukaryotic cell that gives its shape and internal organization and is involved in movement |
| Centrioles | Structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division |
| Ribosomes | Can be found in the endoplasmic reticulum, or floating through the cytoplasm, they create proteins by joining amino acids that the cell s need Made in the nucleus |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | Series of folded membranes that prepares the proteins for transport to the Golgi apparatus |
| Golgi Apparatus | Receives proteins from E.R, package them for protection to be sent to other parts of the cell |
| Chloroplasts | -found in plants and algae -use energy from sunlight to make food -contains DNA and can divide on its own |
| Mitochondria | Chemically change food into energy (ATP) Contain DNA and can Divide on its own |
| Cell Wall | -found in plants, algae, fungi, and most bacteria -made of cellulose -help protect and support the cell |
| Cell Membrane | Outer covering protective layer in ALL cells Controls what comes in and out of the cells |
| Diffusion | When particles move to an area that is more concentrated to an area that is less concentrated |
| Passive Transport | the movement of materials across the cell membrane without using energy |
| Facilitated Diffusion | Process of Diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels |
| Aquaporins | Water Channel Proteins |
| Osmosis | diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
| Isotonic | when the concentration of two solutions are the same |
| Hypertonic | when comparing two solutions the solution with the greater concentration of solutes |
| Hypotonic | when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes |
| Osmotic Pressure | the pressure that must be applied to osmotic pressure movement across a selectively permeable membrane |
| Active Transport | The movement of materials against a concentration difference |
| Endocytosis | process of taking materials into the cell by means of enfolding, or pockets of the cell membrane |
| Phagocytosis | a type of endocytosis, where extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within a vacuole |
| Exocytosis | membrane of the vacuole fuses with the cell membrane to bring material OUT OF the cell |
| Homeostasis | relatively constant internal physical chemical conditions |
| Unicellular Organisms | organisms are single celled living creature that meet all criteria of a living thing |
| Multicellular Organisms | a multiple-celled living creature that meets all criteria of a living thing |
| Cell | basic unit of all forms of life |
| Tissue | a group of similar cells that performs a particular function |
| Organ | group of tissue that work together to perform closely related functions |
| Organ System | a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function |
Created by:
vmfrance18
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