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Latin cases
Jenney's First Year
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Nominative | Names the subject of the sentence:the BOY runs |
Vocative | Direct address: look MARCUS! |
Genitive | Enable a noun to qualify another noun: gardens OF CAESAR, part OF THE ARMY, love OF LIFE, a man OF GREAT DISTINCTION (basically like prepositional phrases |
Dative | Object indirectly affected by the action of a verb or by the quality of an adjective: I gave the book TO LUCIUS. I gave LUCIUS the book. He did it FOR HIS FRIEND. She is unfriendly TO MY SISTER. You are like MY FATHER. |
Accusative | Limits action of verb in various ways/tell how far the action of the verb extends: she went HOME. I ran A MILE. He saw A BIRD. We stayed THREE DAYS |
Ablative Proper | He comes FROM NEW YORK. She fainted FROM HUNGER. this book was written BY (COMES FROM) CHARLES DICKENS |
Instrumental/Circumstantial Ablative | She listened WITH GREAT EAGERNESS. We dig WITH SHOVELS. He came WITH HIS FATHER. she is a woman OF (WITH) GREAT INFULENCE |
Locative Ablative | Location in space or time: IN ITALY, IN TWO DAYS, ON THURSDAY, AT SEVEN O'CLOCK |