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Geology Chap 6

Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Rock Cycle The series of processes in which rock forms, changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes.
Bowen's Reaction Series The simplified pattern that illustrates the order in which minerals crystallize from cooling magma according to their chemical composition and melting points.
Igneous Rock Rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies.
Intrusive Igneous Rock Rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath Earth's surface.
Extrusive Igneous Rock Rock that forms from the cooling and solidification of lava at Earth's surface.
Felsic Describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in feldspars and silica and that is generally light in color.
Mafic Describes magma or igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron and that is generally dark in color.
Compaction The process in which the volume and porosity of a sediment is decreased by the weight of overlying sediments as a result of burial beneath other sediments.
Cementation The process in which minerals precipitate into pore spaces between sediment grains and bind sediments together to form rock.
Chemical Sedimentary Rock Sedimentary rock that forms when minerals precipitate from a solution or settle from a suspension.
Organic Sedimentary Rock Sedimentary rock that forms from the remains of plants or animals.
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Sedimentary rock that forms when fragments of preexisting rocks are compacted or cemented together.
Metamorphism The process in which one type of rock changes into metamorphic rock because of chemical processes or changes in temperature and pressure.
Contact Metamorphism A change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to a contact with magma.
Regional Metamorphism A change in the texture, structure, or chemical composition of a rock due to changes in temperature and pressure over a large area, generally as a result of tectonic forces.
Foliation The metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are arranged in planes or bands.
Nonfoliated The metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands.
Created by: osubuckeye1012
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