Pattern of growth, DNA, replication, and cell division that occurs in a eukaryotic cell.

Process by which a cell divides its nucleus and contents.

Process by which the cell cytoplasm divides.

Long, continuous thread of DNA that consists of numerous genes and regulatory information.

Protein that organizes chromosomes and around which DNA wraps.

Loose combination of DNA and proteins that is present during interphase.

One half of a duplicated chromosome.

Region of condensed chromosome that looks pinched; where spindle fibers attach during meiosis and mitosisl

Repeating nucleotide at the ends of DNA molecules that do not form genes and help prevent the loss of genes.

First phase of mitosis when chromatin condenses, the nuclear envelope breaks down, the nucleolus disappears, and the centrosomes and centriole migrate to opposite sides of the cell.

Second phase of mitosis when spindle fibers align the chromosomes along the cell equator.

Third phase of mitosis during which chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite sides of the cell.

Last phase of mitosis when a complete set of identical chromosomes is positioned at each pole of the cell, the nuclear membranes start to form, the chromosomes begin to uncoil, and the spindle fibers disassemble.

Broad group of proteins that stimulate cell division.

Common name for a class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell division.

Having no dangerous effect on health, especially referring to an abnormal growth of cells that are not cancerous.

Cancerous tumor in which cells break away and spread to other parts of the body, causing harm to the organisms health.

To spread by transferring a disease-causing agent from the site of the disease to other parts of the body.

Substance that produces or promotes the development of cancer.

Process by which offspring are produced from a single parent; does not involve the joining of gametes.

Asexual reproduction in which a cell divides into two equal parts.

Group of cells that work together to perform a similar function.

Group of different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or related functions.

Two or more organs that work in a coordinated way to carry out similar functions.

Process by which unspecialized cells develop into their mature form and function.

Cell that can divide for long periods of time while remaining undifferentiated.

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Biology Chap 5

Vocabulary

Question	Answer
Cell Cycle	Pattern of growth, DNA, replication, and cell division that occurs in a eukaryotic cell.
Mitosis	Process by which a cell divides its nucleus and contents.
Cytokinesis	Process by which the cell cytoplasm divides.
Chromosome	Long, continuous thread of DNA that consists of numerous genes and regulatory information.
Histone	Protein that organizes chromosomes and around which DNA wraps.
Chromatin	Loose combination of DNA and proteins that is present during interphase.
Chromatid	One half of a duplicated chromosome.
Centromere	Region of condensed chromosome that looks pinched; where spindle fibers attach during meiosis and mitosisl
Telomere	Repeating nucleotide at the ends of DNA molecules that do not form genes and help prevent the loss of genes.
Prophase	First phase of mitosis when chromatin condenses, the nuclear envelope breaks down, the nucleolus disappears, and the centrosomes and centriole migrate to opposite sides of the cell.
Metaphase	Second phase of mitosis when spindle fibers align the chromosomes along the cell equator.
Anaphase	Third phase of mitosis during which chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite sides of the cell.
Telophase	Last phase of mitosis when a complete set of identical chromosomes is positioned at each pole of the cell, the nuclear membranes start to form, the chromosomes begin to uncoil, and the spindle fibers disassemble.
Growth Factor	Broad group of proteins that stimulate cell division.
Apoptosis	Programmed cell death.
Cancer	Common name for a class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell division.
Benign	Having no dangerous effect on health, especially referring to an abnormal growth of cells that are not cancerous.
Malignant	Cancerous tumor in which cells break away and spread to other parts of the body, causing harm to the organisms health.
Metastasize	To spread by transferring a disease-causing agent from the site of the disease to other parts of the body.
Carcinogen	Substance that produces or promotes the development of cancer.
Asexual Reproduction	Process by which offspring are produced from a single parent; does not involve the joining of gametes.
Binary Fission	Asexual reproduction in which a cell divides into two equal parts.
Tissue	Group of cells that work together to perform a similar function.
Organ	Group of different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or related functions.
Organ System	Two or more organs that work in a coordinated way to carry out similar functions.
Cell Differentiation	Process by which unspecialized cells develop into their mature form and function.
Stem Cell	Cell that can divide for long periods of time while remaining undifferentiated.

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