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Study for the Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What part of the cell controls what enters and leaves the cell? | cell membrane |
| What is the movement of water across a cell membrane called? | osmosis |
| how many variables are puposely changed in a controlled experiment? | one |
| name three things that can affect an enzyme's function | temp, ph, concentraion |
| of what macormolecule are enzymes made? | protein |
| What do catalsts do to chemical reactions? | speed up |
| How do catalyst accomplish this? | lower activation energy |
| What does a eukaryoteic cell contain that prokaryote does not? | nucleus |
| Name two structures found in a plant cel lthat are missing in an animal cell | chloroplast, cell wall, large vacuole |
| which organisms are prokaryotes? | bacteria |
| What is the light absorbing pigment of plants? | |
| Where does photosynthesis occur? | chloroplasts |
| Where does lactic acid fermentation occur? | muscle |
| What are the two main parts of a copied chromosome? | centromere and chromatid |
| What part of the cell packages proteins? | golgi apparatus |
| What is the smallest living thing that exists? | cell |
| What type of cells lack membrane bound organelles? | prokaryote |
| What term represents maintaining a stable internal environment of the body? | homeostasis |
| What happens to the ATP molecule when energy is released? | ADP(loses phosphate group) |
| During respiration, what does the mitochondiron use to create ATp? | glucose/sugar |
| What is the word formula for photosynthesis? | water+carbon dioxide + sunlight(energy)=Glucose+oxygen |
| How do the reactants and products of photosynthesis compare to respiration? | The products for photosynthesis are the reactants for respiration. The products for respiration are reactants for phtotsynthesis. |
| Which type of organisms can't make food for themselves? | heterotroph |
| What studs the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? | ribosomes |
| Name at least two organelles that are part of protein production | ribosome, golgi |
| Identify the metric system unit for mass, temperature, length and volume | gram, celsius, meter, liter |
| When referring to the pH scale, where are the most acidic and basic substances found? | far away from seven |
| Which organelles help to provide energy to cells? | mitochondria and chloroplasts |
| What three things are produced from the light dependent reaction of photosynthesis? | Oxygen, ATP, and NADPH(electron carrier) |
| Identify the four macromolecules and their building blocks. | proteins-amino acids, carbohydrates-monosaccharides, nucleic acids-nucleotides, lipids-fatty acids and glycerol |
| What are the three stages of respiration? | glycolysis, krebs cycle, and ETC |
| What is diffusion? | movement of molecules across a cell membrane |
| How does a hypothesis become a theory | it is proven many times |
| What is a testable possible explanation for a set of observations called? | hypothesis |
| Why do different cells in our body have their own special jobs even thought they contain the same DNA? | cell specialization |
| What is produced from mitosis? | two identical cells |
| What is produced from meiosis? | 4 different haploid gametes |
| Where does meiosis occur? | sex cels |
| What are gametes and how is their chromosome amount indicated? | sperm, egg, haploid 1N |
| What process during prophase 1 allows chromosomes to exchange alleles during meiosis | crossing over |
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