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ES2-2014 Midterm
Earth Science 2 2014 Midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How are the winds named? | For where they blow from |
| What are the global winds? | trade winds, westerlies, polar easterlies – winds that blow in bands around the globe. |
| The movement of air flowing from a warmer region to a cooler region is an example of what type of energy transfer? | convection |
| What do hurricanes & cyclones cause? | Strong winds, flooding, storm surge, heavy rains |
| Hurricanes form in the _____________regions near warm water. | tropical |
| What direction to hurricanes rotate in the Northern Hemisphere? | Counter-clockwise |
| What are the components of a tornado? | Vortex (funnel cloud), thunderstorm clouds, cloud droplets |
| How fast are the winds of the strongest tornadoes on Earth? | 250 mph |
| Where are tornadoes most commonly found in the United States? | Tornado alley – great plains states like Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas |
| The energy in a tornado is NOT usually as strong/weak as a Thunderstorm, but it is concentrated into a smaller/larger area. | strong.... smaller |
| Convection in the Sun generates mass/volume/light. | light |
| Solar convection occurs in the interior and generates ________________fields. | magnetic |
| Layers of the Earth | lithosphere (crust), mantle, outer core, inner core |
| Scientists have gathered information about the Earth’s inner layers through _____________ | seismographs |
| About how thick is the earth’s crust? | 3-6 miles in ocean, 11-25 miles on continents |
| How old is the Earth? | 4.5 billion years |
| What type of planet is Jupiter? | Gas giant |
| List the major gases on Jupiter | methane, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia – NOT OXYGEN |
| Jupiter performs a valuable role in the solar system by: | providing a barrier between Earth and the asteroid belt |
| Weather on Jupiter | stormy with poisonous gases and strong winds |
| How long can storms last on Jupiter? | 100s of years |
| What is the Red Eye of Jupiter? | hurricane |
| A zone in the ocean where salinity increases dramatically as depth increases | halocline |
| The density of the Dead Sea is greater than the human body. What will happen to a person swimming in the Dead Sea? | They will float |
| Salt water is denser than cold water, therefore salt water will sink/float over/under fresh water. | sink under |
| The birth of the Sun and planets occurred with | the formation of the Solar System |
| The formation of the Solar System began with a _______________condensing. | nebula |
| By the end of our solar system’s evolution the sun will be much ____________than when it began. | larger |
| Who discovered the Great Ocean Conveyor Belt? | Benjamin Franklin |
| The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt could be stopped by ______________. | global warming |
| The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt begins in _____________. | Antarctica |
| The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt relies on __________ gradients for the rising and sinking of the waters. | density |
| How much water is transported by the Great Ocean Conveyor Belt? | 20 million cubic meters/second |
| Hot air contracts/expands and sinks/rises while cool air contracts/expands and sinks/rises. | expands..... rises..... contracts..... sinks |
| The surface winds of the Earth blowing from the east centered in the Hadley cells are called | trade winds |
| Winds generally moves across the United States ___________to ______________(direction). | West.... East |
| The type of energy that is transferred as waves or rays through space. | radiation |
| The type of energy transfer that occurs from molecules bumping together in direct contact | conduction |
| Uneven heating of Earth’s surface causes the rotational flow of gases in the atmosphere. This is an example of what type of energy transfer? | convection |
| The winds in figure 2.4 show air sinking over the water and air lifting over the land. This is due to | Land heats more quickly than water |
| Water cools faster/slower than land. | slower |
| The well-developed layering of water masses is called ____________________________. | water stratification |
| The boundary between bodies of waters of different salinities is the _________________. | halocline |
| Imaginary contour lines connecting waters of the same temperature are | isotherms |
| Based on Figure 2.6 the Thermocline could accurately be defined as | the boundary between waters of different temperatures |
| Salinity measurements in the ocean are lowest near | river outlets & ice melts (sources of fresh water) |
| The above graphic (Figure 2.7) represents a density experiment some students conducted in class. If the densities of the fluids were 1.0 g/mL, 0.7 g/mL, and 1.4 g/mL, which of the following would be the correct densities for each fluid? | 0.7 g/mL (oil) -> 1.0 g/mL (water) - > 1.4 g/mL (Corn Syrup) |
| A hypothesis is a/an | educated guess |
| The variable that changes in an experiment is called the | independent variable |
| Variables that do not change in an experiment are the | constants |
| The variable being measured is the | dependent variables |
| The _______________is the standard by which your results can be compared. The normal group. | control |
| An instrument that measures temperature is a(n) | thermometer |
| Mass is measured with the | triple beam balance |
| The _________________ is used to measure volume | thermometer |
| Scientists use the ____________________to measure wind speed. | anemometer |
| Conclusions to scientific experiments should be based on __________________. | precise tests and data |
| The formula for density is | Density = mass / volume |
| At its boiling point, the temperature of water is _______ºC | 100 |
| Logical interpretations based on prior knowledge and experience are called _________________ | inferences |
| A scientist who wants to study the effects of fertilizer on plants sets up an experiment. Plant A gets no fertilizer, Plant B gets 5 mg. of fertilizer each day, and Plant C gets 10mg. of fertilizer each day. Which plant is the control group? | Plant A |
| What is important when creating a graph in science? | Independent variable (x-axis), Dependent Variable (y-axis), labels, Titles, Neatness, key/legend |
| Which unit of measure is NOT an IUPAC measurement? | IUPAC = metric measurements NOT IUPAC include feet, inches, gallons, miles, etc. |
| A scientist conducted an experiment to determine how the amount of salt in a body of water affects the number of plants that can live in the water. In this experiment the independent variable is: | amount of salt |
| An unknown liquid has a density of 0.79 g/cm3 and will not mix evenly with water. Predict what will happen if you pour some of this liquid into a glass of water. | It will float |
| What is the density of a rock with a mass of 5 g and volume of 2 mL? | 2.5 g/mL |
| What is the mass of a rock with a volume of 10 mL and a density of 2 g/mL? | 20 g |
| The noting and recording of numeric data: _____________observation | quantitative |
| North, South, East, and West are ______________directions. | cardinal |
| Calculate the area of a table top that is 5 cm long, 8 cm wide, and 10 cm tall. | 5cm x 8 cm = 40 cm2 |
| Calculate the density of a box that has a mass of 15 g and measurements of 5 cm x 3 cm x 10 cm. | 15 g / 150cm3 = 0.1 g/cm3 |
| How much time elapsed from 1776 to 1861? | 85 mL |
| Elevation is measured as | height above sea level |
| The width of a book is best measured in | centimeters |
| A piece of wood has volume of 10 mL and a density of 0.5 g/mL. A second piece of the same type of wood has a volume of 20 mL. What is the density of the second piece of wood? | Same as the first piece of wood 0.5 g/mL |
| Which of the following is a qualitative observation about the front whiteboard in the classroom? | It is white, it is off the ground, it is smeared with marker, it is lit by the projector (etc.) |
| Convert 15 cm into meters | 0.15 m |
| Density of an object is changed by all of the below factors except | changed by mass, volume, molecules close to each other (pressure, temperature) – NOT by size of the object. |
| Good science begins with | a question |
| The steps of the scientific method in order: | question, research, hypothesis, design an experiment, collect & interpret data, draw a conclusion, publish results |
| Surface is lightest material and solid. Lower layers are more dense, hot, and fluid. Core is intensely hot solid iron | Planet’s Inner Layers |
| Began as a solar nebula, leftover stardust from a supernova. Rotation cause accretion in regions that lead to sun and planets. | Formation of the Solar system |
| Winds rotating toward a low pressure center, occurring over water | Hurricanes |
| Global circulation of all ocean waters taking place over 1000 year | Great Ocean Conveyor Belt |
Created by:
tejneckyc
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