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LAHS Biology 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The purpose of science: | investigate and understand the natural world |
| Define Hypothesis | suggest how or why something happens |
| Controlled experiment | set up in duplicate, test one variable |
| Define Homeostasis | maintain internal balance |
| Levels of organization sm->lg | cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, ecosystem, biosphere |
| C6H12O6 | 6 molecules of carbon, 12 molecules of hydrogen, 6 molecules of oxygen |
| Chemical formula for water: | H2O |
| Define polar | when electrons are concentrated on one side of molecule, creating a slightly more negative charge |
| Define solution | solute particles are dissolved in solvent (bulk of the solution) |
| What is the best solvent? | water |
| What is an acid? | Substance with excess Hydrogen atoms |
| What is the pH of an acid? | Less than 7 (a base is more than 7, and neutral is 7) |
| What are the 4 organic compounds in animals? | Protein, lipid, carbohydrate, nucleic acid (DNA,RNA) |
| What are the monomers/subunits for each organic compound polymer? | Amino acid-protein, fatty acid & glycerol-lipid, monosaccharides & polysaccharides-carbohydrate, nucleotide-nucleic acid |
| define chemical reaction: | bonds are broken, atoms are rearranged, new bonds form |
| hydrogen + oxygen ->Water What are the reactants? | Hydrogen, oxygen |
| hydrogen + oxygen ->Water What are the products? | Water |
| Define optimum | best |
| List facts about enzymes: | They work best at certain pH, temperature, ion concentration(optimum conditions). They can be reused, are not used up and only needed in small amounts. They are proteins. There shape is specific and allows them to do their job. They are catalysts. |
| Define denaturation | at high temperatures, enzymes unravel and can no longer do their job |
| Where are ribosomes found? | Free floating in the cytoplasm or on endoplasmic reticulum making it rough ER |
| describe protein structure | composed of 20 different amino acids arranged in infinite number sequences to make thousands of different proteins |
| What is the base pair rule in DNA? | Adenine =Thymine; Cytosine =Guanine |
| What is gene expression? | All cells have identical chromosomes with genes, but only certain genes are expressed and making proteins in that cell to make that cell specialized |
| Describe cell membrane | semipermeable; 2 layers lipids with proteins; fluid mosaic; regulates what enters/leaves the cell; both in plant and animal cells |
| Define cell wall | an added layer on the outside of cell membrane; plants only; protection & support |
| Where are proteins modified, processed and packaged? | Golgi |
| What is the function of chlorophyll? | in plants -Capture sunlight energy and change it to glucose chemical energy |
| Where is chlorophyll found? | In chloroplasts of green plants |
| What chemical in a cell is responsible for storing and releasing energy? | ATP |
| define cell respiration | in mitochondria-oxygen plus glucose form carbon dioxide plus ATP |
| define diffusion | movement of substances/gases across a cell membrane |
| viruses and prokaryotes are similar because they both have | DNA and RNA |
| Define catalysts | speed up chemical reaction by lowering activation energy. |
Created by:
iroum
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