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Vocab 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Geology | The study of the origin, history, structure and processes that shape earth |
| Outer Core | Only liquid layer |
| Inner Core | The innermost part of the earth solid ball its dense |
| Mantle | Between the crust and inner core it is the thickest layer |
| Crust | outer layer thinnest layer |
| Plate Tectonics | pieces of the crust fitting together like a jigsaw puzzle and are both oceanic and continental |
| Pangaea | A super continent created by all the worlds present landmasses |
| Theory of Continental Drift | The lateral movement of continents resulting from the motion of crustal plates |
| Divergent Boundaries | place where plates spread apart |
| Convergent Boundaries | place where plates meet |
| Transform Boundaries | place where plates slide past each other |
| Weathering | The breaking down of the lithosphere by the action of wind, ice, plants, animals, and chemical changes |
| Principle of Uniformity | The processes that have changed the Earth in the past still exist: the same processes are at work changing our world now |
| Mechanical Weathering | the process of the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces |
| Chemical Weathering | the process that alters a rocks mineral compostion |
| Syncline | upward folds in rocks |
| Anticline | downward folds in rocks |
| Fault | where the crust splits |
| plateaus | flat areas that have been pushed above sea level by forces within the earth |
| epicenter | right above the focus most damage is caused |
| focus | the point where the earthquake starts |
| seismic waves | vibrations that travel out from the quakes focus in all directions |
| primary wave | waves that can move through solids, liquids, and gases Also comes first |
| Secondary wave | Waves that can move through only solids Comes second |
| Surface wave | Slowest wave |
| Volcano | Areas of the earths surface through which magma and volcanic gases pass |
| Lava | Magma that flows onto earths surface |
| Vents | An opening at the surface of the earth through which volcanic material passes |
| Magma chamber | A body of molten rock that feeds the volcano |
| Magma | Molten rock |
| Pyroclastic flow | Produces enormous amounts of hot ash, dust, and gases |
| Viscosity (Viscous) | Determined by if the magma is thick, runny, or sticky |
| Crater | A large and bowl shaped cavity on the surface of the earth or in the ground |
| Caldera | Is a caldron like or shaped feature usually formed by a collapse of land following a volcanic eruption |
| Rock cycle | A series of rock changes from one form to another |
| Erosion | The process which wind,water, ice and gravity transport soil and sediments from one location to another |
| Deposition | The process in which material is laid down |
| igneous rock | rocks formed by cooling of lava and magma |
| sedimentary rock | rocks formed through deposition and sediment in layers |
| metamorphic rock | rocks that was once another form by has changed to another under heat and pressure |
| extrusive igneous rock | rock that forms as a result of volcanic activity at or near the earth's surface |
| intrusive igneous rock | rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath the earth's surface |
| strata | layers of rock |
| Stratafication | the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers |
| index minerals | used to estimate temperature, depth, and pressure a rock undergoes metamorphism |
| foliated metamorphism | the texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are arranged in planes and bands |
| non-foliated metamorphism | the texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are not arranged in planes and bands |
Created by:
Disneynerd21
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