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Chapter 6
Question | Answer |
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Compaction | is the process in which sediment is squeezed and in which the size of the pore space between sediment grains is reduced by the weight and pressure of overlying layers. |
Cementation | is the process in which sediments are glued together by minerals that are deposited by water. |
Chemical sedimentary rock | is the process in which sediments are glued together by minerals that are deposited by water. |
Organic sedimentary rock | Organic sedimentary rock is rock that forms from the remains of living things. Coal and some limestones are examples of organic sedimentary rocks. |
Clastic sedimentary rock | is made of rock fragments that are carried away from their source by water, wind, or ice and left as deposits. |
Sorting | The tendency for currents of air or water to separate sediments according to size is called sorting. |
Angularity | As sediment is transported from its source to where it is deposited, the particles collide with each other and with other objects in their path. |
Stratification | Layering of sedimentary rock |
Cross-bedding | Some sedimentary rocks are characterized by slanting layers called cross-beds that form within beds. Cross-beds, which generally form in sand dunes or river beds |
Ripple marks | Ripple marks are caused by the action of wind or water on sand |
Mud cracks | form when muddy deposits dry and shrink. |
Concretions | form when minerals precipitate from fluids and build up around a nucleus. |