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Chapter 3 Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| organic compound | contains carbon chains; made by living things |
| inorganic compound | does not contain carbon chains; was not made by living things |
| HONC; it has 4 electrons on its outer energy level. Therefore it can bond with four | how many bonds can Carbon form & why? |
| double and triple bonds | atoms share two or three pairs of electrons |
| with two lines or three lines | how are double and triple bonds represented |
| HONC | the four most common: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon: shows the number of bonds that can be made. 1/2/3/4 |
| carbon chain/branched chain/rings | carbon can bond with carbon, forming straight chains, branched chains, or rings |
| empirical formula | CaO2H2>>Ca(OH)2 example of _____ formula |
| structural formula | shown with lines and letters H----C----C----H |
| empirical formula of glucose | C6H12O6 |
| empirical formula of water | H2O |
| functional group | clusters of atoms in organic compounds; influence the characteristics of the molecules |
| structural formulas of hydroxyl (functional group) | H H | | H---C---C---OH | | H H |
| structural formula of carboxyl | NH2 O | || H------C--------C----OH | H |
| monomers | smaller, simpler molecules |
| polymers | a molecule made of many monomers |
| characteristics of carbohydrates | generic term for fats and oils |
| monomer of carbohydrates | |
| functions of carbohydrates | secondary energy source |
| examples of carbohydrates | fats, oils, and waxes |
| hydrolysis reaction | adding water to break apart polymers |
| condensation reactions | removing H and OH from molecules so that there is room for bonds to be formed - dehydration |
| amino group | |
| characteristics of proteins | |
| monomer of proteins | |
| function of proteins |