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Orange Module
Digestive Exam- Gastrointestinal System Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What are rugae? | -Folds in the stomach -Secrete hydrochloric acid and enzymes |
| What are the accessory organs of the GI System | -Liver -Pancreas -Gallbladder |
| What are the four divisions of the colon? | Ascending colon, Travnsverse colon, Descending colon, Sigmoid colon |
| What are the functions of the liver? | produce bile, remove glucose from blood, store vitamins b12, a,d,e, and k, destroy or transform toxic products, maintain glucose levels, destroy of rbcs, synthesis protiens that circle in the blood |
| what are the three main components of the large intestine?` | cecum, colon, rectum |
| what are the three main parts of the stomach? | body, fundus, pylous |
| what are the two structures that form the roof of the mouth? | hard palate, soft palate |
| what is the medical term for the mouth? | oral cavity |
| what is another name for the GI tract | Alimentary canal |
| what are vili? | mircoscopic finger like projections |
| where does peristalsis occur | from the pharynx to the anus |
| where is digestion completed | small intestine |
| what is a volvulus | a life threatening obstruction in which the bowl twists on itself |
| what are hemorrhoids | enlarged viens in the mucous membrane of the anal canal |
| what causes hepatitis A | ingestion of contaminated food, water or milk |
| what is diverticulosis | smal blister like pockets develop in the inner lining of the large intestine |
| what is ulverative colitits | chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine and rectum |
| where are ulcers commonly found | stomach, duodenum |
| where do inguinal hernias develop | in the groin where the abdominal folds of flesh meet the thighs |
| which large intestine disorder is associated with a higher risk of colon cancer | ulcerative colitits |
| ucler | a lesion of the skin of mucous membrane which frequently develops in the duodenum or stomach |
| occult blood | a test in which stool samples are collected to determine gastrointestinal bleeding |
| ascites | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen |
| hernia | abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through the structures that normal contain it |
| deglutition | act of swallowing |
| gallbladder | an organ below the liver which stores and empties bile through its ducts into the small intestine |
| pancreas | an organ which uses ducts to provide exocrine secretions to the duodeum to aid the digestion |
| regurgitation | backward flowing, as in the rectum of solids of fluids to the mouth form the stomach |
| mastication | chewing |
| fecalith | fecal concretion |
| cecum | first 2-3" large intestine |
| ascending colon | first portion of the colon, extending from the lower border of the liver |
| cholelithiasis | formation of gallstones |
| flatus | gas in the GI tract |
| ulcerative colitits | inflammation and ulceration of the innermost lining of the colon |
| diverticulitis | inflammation of sac like bulge that may develop in the wall of the large intestine |
| stomalitits | inflammation of the mouth of the stomach |
| anorexia | lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat |
| rectum | last portion of the GI tract |
| iileum | lower division of the small intestine |
| serum bilirubin | measurement of the level of bilirubin in the blood |
| halitosis | offenstive or "bad" breath |
| proctologist | one who specialiszes in diseases of the colon, rectum, and anus |
| melena | passage of dark coloured tarry stools, due to the presence of blood altered by intestinal juices |
| statorrhea | passage of fat in large amounts in the feces |
| celiac | pertaining to the abdomen |
| buccal | pertainging to the cheek |
| lithotrispy | procedure for crushing a stone |
| eructation | producing gas from the stomach |
| peristalsis | progressive wavelike movement |
| upper GI tract/-series | radiographis examination of the esophagus stomach and small intestine |
| lower GI series | readiographic examination of the rectum and colon |
| cholecystogram/graphy | radiographic record of the gallbladder |
| borborygmus | rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance |
| cirrhosis | scarring and dysfunction of the liver |
| jejunum | second division of small intestine |
| transverse colon | second portion of the colon that passes horizontally across the abdomen toward the spleen |
| obstipation | severe constipation |
| pyloric steriosis | structure or narrowing of the pyloric sphincter |
| enterostomy | surgical formation of an opening from the small intestine through the abdominal wall |
| iileostomy | surgical formation of an opening from ileum through the abdominal wall |
| anastosis | surgical joining of two ducts vessels or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another |
| cheiloplasty | surgical repair of the lip |
| aeorphagia | swallowing air |
| liver | the largest glandular organ |
| diarrhea | the passage of unformed watery bowel movemtns |
| ingest | to eat |
| hematemesis | vomitting of blood |
| malabsorption | when nutrients are digested but are not take in by the intestinal tissues |
| oral leukoplakia | white patches that form on the tongue lips or cheek |
| ba | barium |
| bae be | barium enema |
| bm | bowel movement |
| bmi | body mass index |
| cf | cystic fibrosis |
| ct | computed tomography |
| egd | esophagogastroduodenscopy |
| ercp | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| gb | gallbladder |
| gerd | gastroesphagel reflux disease |
| gi | gastrointestinal |
| hbv | hepitiatis B virus |
| ibs | irritable bowl syndrome |
| lft | liver function test |
| pe | physical examination |
| pmh | past medical history |
| pud | peptic ulcer disease |
| r/o r | rule out |
| rgb | roux-en-Y gastric bypass |
| stat | immediatley |
Created by:
biancasantonucci95
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