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MIP 302 Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| candle jar amounts of O2 and CO2 | 16% O2 and 4% CO2 |
| GasPak | used to create an anaerobic environment |
| redox indicator gaspak/colors | methylene blue/ blue=oxidized, white=reduced |
| catalase | converts 2H2O2 to 2H2O + O2 |
| what is added to catalase test? | 3% hydrogen peroxide |
| most catalase positive bacteria are __ | glucose fermenters? |
| oxidase | used in electron transport chain |
| oxidase positive | (oxidized) dark blue/maroon |
| oxidase negative | (reduced) colorless |
| PR broths- what is the indicator? | phenol red |
| PR carbohydrate positive | acidic (yellow) |
| PR carbohydrate negative | orange, red, or hot pink |
| other nutrients in PR broths, what happens when utilized? | peptone and beef extract; alkaline products |
| other "tool" in PR broths, what used for? | Durham tube; collects CO2 |
| red upon addition of nitrate A and B | +nitrate reductase, -nitrite reductase |
| colorless upon addition of nitrate A and B | inconclusive |
| red upon addition of nitrate A and B + zinc | - for both nitrate and nitrite reductase |
| colorless upon addition of nitrate A and B + zinc | + for both nitrate and nitrite reductase |
| false negative for PR carbohydrate broths | if incubated too long, will metabolize peptone/beef extract |
| macconkey agar selective components | bile salts and crystal violet |
| macconkey agar selects for | gram negative rods |
| macconkey tests for | lactose fermentation |
| lactose + (macconkey) | red (or pink b/c of precipitated bile salts) |
| lactose - (macconkey) | colorless colonies |
| PEA agar | INHIBITS gram negative, selects for gram positive |
| PEA stands for | phenylethyl alcohol |
| blood agar contains | sheep red blood cells and TSA |
| beta hemolysis | complete hemolysis |
| alpha hemolysis | incomplete hemolysis (beige-ish color) |
| gamma hemolysis | no hemolysis |
| pseudosel agar | selects for Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| pseudomonas agar F contains | magnesium and potassium to enhance fluorescein production |
| pseudomonas agar F differentiates b/w | pseudomonas species- P. fluorescein makes the most fluorescein |
| IMViC test stands for | indole, methyl red, voges-proskauer, citrate |
| indole test | tryptophanase enzyme |
| what is added to indole test? why? | Kovac's reagent, reacts with indole to make a red ring |
| methyl red/ voges-proskauer tests | glucose fermentation makes mixed acids or diacetyl/2,3 butanediol *what pyruvate is broken down into |
| what is added to MRVP broth? | Barrit's B and Barrit's A for VP broth part; methyl red for MR part |
| gram negative glucose fermenter rod MRVP assumption | if MR +, then VP- & vice versa |
| gram positive glucose fermenter MRVP | can be + for both |
| urease test positive | hot pink slant (alkaline) |
| urease yellow slant | negative, but ferments glucose |
| urease no color change | negative and does not ferment glucose |
| LDC/ODC stand for | lysine/ornithine decarboxylase |
| LDC/ODC indicator; what do colors mean? | bromocresol purple (purple at high pH, yellow at low pH) |
| what is added to LDC/ODC? | mineral oil |
| for LDC/ODC to work, bacteria must ___ | ferment glucose |
| positive LDC/ODC | TURBID, purple broth |
| negative LDC/ODC | clear purple broth or yellow broth |
| KIA tests for | lactose fermentation (1x as much), glucose fermentation, H2S/CO2 production |
| KIA red butt | negative glucose fermentation |
| KIA yellow butt | positive glucose fermentation |
| KIA black butt | + H2S and glucose fermentation |
| KIA red slant | negative lactose fermentation |
| KIA yellow slant | positive lactose fermentation |
| transformation | DNA picked up from environment |
| conjugation | bacterial mating |
| transduction | DNA transfer via bacteriophage |
| the carbohydrate tests on API were what color if positive? | yellow, gray, or blue-green |
| the carbohydrate tests on API were what color if negative? | blue |
| indicator used for carbohydrate tests on API | bromothymol blue |
| citrate medium is called what? | Simmon's citrate agar |
| Simmon's citrate agar contains | sodium citrate, ammonium ions, bromothymol blue |
| positive citrate | blue colored slant (growth) |
| negative citrate | green colored slant (no growth) |
| what tests are incubated for 48 hours? | IMViC, urease, LDC/ODC |
| gram stain procedure | crystal violet, water, gram's iodine, decolorizer, safranin, water |
| acid fast primary stain | carbol fuchsin |
| acid fast secondary stain | methylene blue |
| acid fast is decolorized with | acid alcohol |
| gram stain is decolorized with | isopropyl alcohol/acetone |
| acid fast + | hot pink |
| acid fast - | blue |
| endospore is decolorized with | water |
| endospore primary stain | malachite green |
| endospore secondary stain | safranin |
| endospore + | green |
| endospore - | pink |
| strep- arrangement | line |
| staph- arrangement | cluster |
| P. aeruginosa pigment | pyocyanin |
| P. fluorescens pigment | fluorescein |
| endospore agar | contains Mn- makes the cells think they're starving- form endospores |
| phage diluted= | phage original x dilution x volume |
| phage original= | phage diluted x 1/dilution x 1/volume |
| what is added to oxidase test? | 4 inoculating loops of H2O |
| 1/titer= | dilution (1/x) x volume |
| ELISA stands for | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| direct ELISA | detect presence of a particular antigen in a sample |
| indirect ELISA | detect presence of a particular antibody in a sample (usually- can do antigen too) |
| antigen capture ELISA | aka sandwich ELISA; target antigen binds to antibody matrix; then 2nd antibody binds to this |
| antibody capture ELISA | detect a specific antibody (binds to matrix antibody) |
| ELISA was contaminated with | Shigella dysenteriae |
| 2 components common to all ELISAs | target antigen/capture antibody and a reporter system |
| bromocresol purple- purple=? | basic |
| bromocresol purple- yellow? | acidic |
| urease indicator | phenol red |
| citate agar indicator | bromothymol blue |
| bromothymol blue- blue=? | basic |
| bromothymol blue- green=? | neutral |
| bromothymol blue- yellow=? | acidic |
| methyl red acidic | red |
| methyl red basic | yellow |
| VP+ | red layer in upper part of broth |
| VP- | no change, green/copper color |
| indole test broth | tryptone |
| how much MR for MRVP test? | 15 drops |
| how much Kovac's for indole? | 1 dropperful |
Created by:
melaniebeale
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