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NHS 2014-2015
Biology Midterm-part A
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where does the synthesis of new proteins take place? | in the ribosomes |
| What is the difference in the structure of proteins and polysaccharides? | Only proteins are formed from amino acids joined by a peptide bond. |
| The shape of an enzyme determines its function because? | Enzymes are specific to a substrate. |
| How does energy conversion take place in the mitochondria? | The Energy in the bonds of GLUCOSE MOLECULES is transferred to the PHOSPHATE bonds of ATP. |
| If a mutation occurs in the gametes of an organism, where will it most likely be transferred? | to the offspring of the organism |
| Which parts of DNA are referred to as GENETIC CODE? | Nitrogenous bases |
| What does the crossing-over between non-sister chromatids during meiosis lead to? | genetic variation |
| What happens in the S phase of the cell cycle so that 2 daughter cells can be produced during M phase? | The DNA gets replicated. |
| Which process does the drugs for Atherosclerosis target? | cell division |
| Why do drugs for Atheroslerosis target cell division? | because atherosclerosis is a disease with the problem of excessive reproduction of smooth muscle cells. |
| If you can use the gene of one organism to repair another organism, the organisms ____ | share a genetic code |
| How does DNA determine traits? | DNA codes for PROTEINS which are necessary for growth and functioning of an organism |
| What happens when a cell is in a HYPOTONIC environment? | water diffuses INTO the cell so the cell must pump water out. |
| What happens when a cell is in a HYPERTONIC environment? | water diffuses OUT of the cell. |
| When is a mutation LEAST likely to affect a cell? | when it produces a triplet that codes for the SAME amino acid as the original triplet. |
| BOTH proteins and complex carbohydrates are ____ | polymers of smaller subunits |
| What are the results of segregation in meiosis? | a reduction in the number of chromosomes per cell. |
| What is a prokaryote? | a cell WITHOUT a nucleus |
| What is a eukaryote? | a cell WITH a nucleus |
| When do organisms release (make) energy (ATP)? | during cellular respiration |
| How do organisms make energy, ATP? | Through the process of cellular respiration. |
| If a human cell has 46 chromosomes and reproduces with mitosis, how many chromosomes will the daughter cells have? | 46 |
| Which process produces gametes in animals? | meiosis |
| What is function of DNA? | it contains the blueprints for producing the WHOLE organism |
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IAMGCS
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