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chester meiosis wk 2

meiosis and accompanying words

QuestionAnswer
meiosis sexual reproduction also known as gametogenesis where you produce gametes with haploid number
haploid or n 1/2 of the chromosomes or 1 version of every chromosome another name for haploid is monoploid
what is a gamete? egg sometimes called an ovum (n chromosomes) sperm (n chromosomes) these are sex cells
how many rounds of cell division take place in meiosis? 2 rounds
The only way to pass a trait to the offspring is how? through the gametes
during the S phase of the cell cycle during interphase what happens in meiosis? duplicate chromatin creating sister chromatids just like mitosis
what is fertilization during sexual reproduction? egg (n) + sperm (n) produce zygote (2n)
what is a zygote? a fertilized egg created from egg and sperm joining together and you end up with diploid number of chromosomes
egg and sperm are also called what? germ cells
where does meiosis take place? in the gonads which are the ovaries in the female and testes in the males
what are gonads in females called? ovaries
what are gonads in males called? testes
what is spermatogenesis the process in human males where the sex cells divide and form 4 haploid sperm cells
what is oogenesis the process in human females where the sex cells divide and form 1 haploid egg and 3 polar bodies
in a human how many chromosomes are in a diploid cell? 46
in a human how many chromosomes are in a haploid cell? 23
how many sperm cells are produced in a male for each diploid cell? 4 sperm cells
how many eggs are produced in a female for each diploid cell? 1 egg and 3 polar bodies
how many eggs does a female make per month? 1 egg or ovum
which has most of the cytoplasm in females the egg or the polar bodies? egg has most of the cytoplasm and polar bodies has very little
what are the 2 main events that take place in prophase I forming a tetrad and crossing over
what is crossing over? exchange of genetic material between sister chromosomes during prophase I
what is the advantage of crossing over? makes chromosomes more genetically diverse that leads to a more diverse offspring
what is a tetrad? 4 sister chromatids together or chromosomes when you can see them
in metaphase I what lines up in the middle of the cell? tetrads
in prophase I what happens? nucleus disappears, chromosomes are formed, tetrads formed, crossing over takes place
what is produced at the end of telophase I and cytokinesis I? 2 daughter cells that are n or haploid
Meiosis II ensures what? that each cell has a single copy of each chromosome
in a male at the end of cytokinesis II what is formed? 4 haploid sperm cells
in a female at the end of cytokinesis II what is formed? 1 egg cell and 3 polar bodies
when a tetrad is formed what is that process called? synapsis
Created by: rhaught
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