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5th Hour Science
Notecards
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Geology | Geology is the study of origin, history, structure and processes that shape earth. |
| Inter Core | The Inter Core is the center of the earth and is the hottest. |
| Outer Core | The Outer Core is between the mantel and the crust. |
| Mantle | The Mantle is the thickest part of our earth. It is made up of tar and rocks which make the Mantle rough. |
| Crust | The Crust is the barrier between the Mantle and the surface of the earth. It is thin under the ocean and thick on land. |
| Plate Techtonics | Plate Techtonics are created when the earth's plate's move away from each other like a jigsaw puzzle. |
| Pangaea | The land mass that existed 250 million years ago and was known as a super continent. |
| Theory of Continental Drift | The Theory of the Continental Drift is that the plates move slowly taking millions of years to to move contintients. |
| Divergent | When two plates apart from each other this is called a divergent boundary. Divergents are found mostly on the ocean floor. |
| Convergent | When two plates collide into each other this creates a convergent boundary. Convergent boundaries can cause volcanoes, earthquakes and make mountains. |
| Transform | Plates slide in a motion past each other. |
| Weathering | Weathering can be defined as the breaking down of the lithosphere by the action of the wind, animals and plants. |
| Principle of Uniformity | The processes that have changed the earth in the past still exist today. Principle Of Uniformity still goes on today |
| Mechanical Weathering | Mechanical Weathering is the process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces. When rocks fall off cliffs and break this is called mechanical weathering. |
| Chemical Weathering | Chemical Weathering is the makeup of weathering. Example of Chemical weathering is metal rusting in the rain. |
| Subsurface | The Subsurface lies beneath the surface of the land or sea. |
| Anticlines | Upward fold when rocks and sediment are compressed by techtonic plates. |
| Synclines | Downward fold when rocks and sediment are compressed by techtonic plates. |
| Fault | A crack in the Earth's crust. |
| Plateau | A land area having a level surface that is higher than the land on at least one side. |
| Epicenter | The point on the Earths surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake. |
| Focus | The focus is deep in the ground right under the epicenter. It is the point where an earthquake starts. |
| Seismic wave | A seismic wave travels out from the eathquake's focus and it goes in all directions. They are vibrations. |
| Primary wave | The fastest traveling seismic wave is called the primary wave. |
| Secondary wave | The secondary wave is the second fastest traveling seismic wave. |
| Surface wave | A surface wave is at the surface and it is the slowest wave. |
| volcano | A volcano is an area on the Earth's surface through which magma and volcanic gases pass. |
| Magma | Molten rock under the Earths crust is magma. |
| Lava | Lava is a liquid magma that flows from the volcanic vent. |
| Magma chamber | The magma chamber is a body of molten rock deep under ground that feeds a volcano. |
| Vents | Magma rises from the magma chamber through cracks in the Earths crust through openings called vents. |
| Pyroclastic flow | Pyroclastic flow is an explosive eruption blasting magma into the air and it hardens. It includes volcanic bombs, ash ,lapilli and ash blocks. |
| Viscosity | Of a glutinous nature or consistency,sticky,thick,adhesive. |
| Caldera | A large depression resulting from the explosions or collapse of the volcano this is called the caldera. |
| Crater | the shaped depression or cavity on the surface of the earth is called a crater. |
| Rock Cycle | The series of rock changes from one to another. |
| Erosion | The process by which wind,water,ice or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to anouther |
| Deposition | The process in which materials are laid down |
| Sedimentary Rock | Rocks formed through deposition and sediment in layers. |
| Metamorphic Rock | Rock that was once one form of rock but has changed to another under heat and pressure. |
| Igneos Rock | Rocks formed by cooling of Lava and Magma. |
| Intrusive igneous rock | Rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath the Earth's surface. |
| Extrusive igneous rock | Rock that forms as a result of volcanic activity at or near the Earth's crust. |
| Strata | Layer's |
| Stratification | The process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers |
| Index mineral's | Index minerals are used to estimate the temperature,depth,and pressure at which a rock undergoes. |
| Foliated | the texture of metamorphic rock in which the minerals grain's are arranged in planes or band's. |
| Nonfoliated | The texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grain's are not arranged in planes or bands. |
Created by:
Alec Manley
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