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unit 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| atom | basic unit of matter |
| nucleus | center of an atom |
| electron | negatively charged ion |
| element | each of more than one hundred substances that cannot be chemically interconverted or broken down into simpler substances |
| isotope | each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei |
| mas number | the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, |
| compound | a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements |
| ionic bond | the bonding between a non-metal and a metal, that occurs when charged atoms (ions) attract after one loses one or more of its electrons, and gives it to the other molecule, for example sodium and chlorine. |
| ion | an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons. |
| covalent bond | a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. |
| molecule | a group of atoms bonded together, |
| van der waals forces | weak, short-range electrostatic attractive forces between uncharged molecules, |
| water | H2O |
| hydrogen bond | a weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other. |
| cohesion | the sticking together of particles of the same substance. |
| adhesions | the sticking together of particles of different substances. |
| heat capacity | the number of heat units needed to raise the temperature of a body by one degree. |
| mixture | a combination of substances together. |
| solution | the process or state of being dissolved in a solvent. |
| solvent | able to dissolve other substances. |
| solute | the minor component in a solution, dissolved in the solvent. |
| suspension | a mixture in which particles are dispersed throughout the bulk of a fluid. |
| pH scale | a measure of how acidic or basic a substance is |
| acid | containing acid or having the properties of an acid; in particular, having a pH of less than 7. |
| base | a substance capable of reacting with an acid to form a salt and water, or (more broadly) of accepting or neutralizing hydrogen ions. |
| buffer | a solution that resists changes in pH when acid or alkali is added to it. |
| macro molecules/polymers | a molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as a protein, nucleic acid, or synthetic polymer./ substance that has a molecular structure consisting chiefly or entirely of a large number of similar units bonded together |
| monomers | a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer. |
| organic compound | |
| monosaccharides | |
| disaccharides | |
| unsaturated fats | |
| nucleotids | |
| amino acids | |
| chemical reaction | |
| reactants | |
| products | |
| catalyst | |
| enzymes | |
| activation energy | |
| substrates |
Created by:
ebrock18
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