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Enzyme Quiz
Biology; enzymes and enzyme functions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Enzymes alter what, but not what? | The rate of reaction but not the position of equilibrium. |
| Why are enzymes so selective? | Because they have a specific shape to react to specific substrates. |
| How do enzymes work? | An enzyme and a substrate collide with sufficient energy and correct orientation, the substrate hits the active site and bonds with the enzyme, and the reaction occurs. |
| What is activation energy? | The energy needed to overcome the energy barrier to reaction. |
| What is an active site? | The part of an enzyme that has the correct shape and functional groups to bind to the substrate. |
| What does an enzymatic reaction have compared to a reaction without a catalyst? | Lower activation energy. |
| Reactant one + reactant two = product | Non-enzymatic reaction: Route A |
| Reactant one + enzyme = intermediate intermediate + reactant two = product plus enzyme | Enzymatic reaction: Route B Simpler version: an enzyme is used to form a reaction intermediate, but when this reacts with another reactant, the enzyme reforms |
| How do enzymes speed up reactions? | By providing an alternative pathway of lower activation energy |
| Why do we need enzymes? | Without them, the reactions in our bodies are too slow to keep us alive. Enzymes also prevent the temperature and pressure from increasing in our cells, which can be fatal. |
| What is the lock and key hypothesis? | The substrate fits into the active site to a reaction intermediate |
| What is the induced fit hypothesis? | The enzymes change shape as the molecules approach them. The change is induced by the approaching substrates. |
| Why do enzymes operate within such a small pH range? | pH level can make and break intra- and intermolecular bonds, which could change the shape of the enzyme and therefore decrease its effectiveness. |
| What does the rate of enzymatic reaction depend on? | enzyme concentration |
| When does the rate of reaction increase? | When the concentration of enzymes or substrates increase. |
| For a given enzyme concentration, the rate of reaction increases with what? | the substrate concentration up to a point. |
| What has to happen before the active sites can react with more substrates after the point of saturation? | The enzymes have to dissociate. |
Created by:
namelyme001
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