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8th Grade Ch 6
Chapter 6 Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ocean currents | Large streams of ocean water that flow at or below the surface |
| surface currents | Large masses of water flowing horizontally along the surface |
| gyre | A circular path of a surface current |
| subsurface currents | Ocean currents that flow beneath the surface |
| density currents | Differences in density can cause ________ currents. |
| turbidity currents | A type of density current that occurs when mud mixes with seawater |
| upwelling | Deep, cool water moves to the surface to fill a void, forming an upward flowing current called an _________________ |
| countercurrent | A current that flows in the opposite direction either beside, on top of, or beneath the surface current |
| oceanography | The study of oceans |
| salinity | The measure of dissolved salt in seawater |
| more | Cold water is ________ dense than warm water |
| less | Non-salty water is _________ dense than salty water |
| hydrostatic pressure | The pressure from water |
| pounds per sq. inch | Hydrostatic pressure is measured in |
| sea ice | When saltwater freezes it's |
| icebergs | When glaciers reach the sea and break off it forms |
| ice shelves | When glaciers reach the sea and extend across the surface it forms |
| tides | regular and predictable movements of water in the oceans |
| thermocline | The boundary between warm surface water and cold, deep water. |
| spring tide | a tide that is higher than normal at high tide and lower than normal at low tide that occurs when the sun and moon are aligned |
| neap tide | a weaker than normal tide that occurs when the moon and sun are at right angles to each other |
| continental shelf | a sandy, gently sloping underwater plain |
| shelf break | located at the outer edge of the continental shelf and is a sharp drop off |
| continental slope | marked by the shelf break - where the sea floor drops away abruptly |
| wind | What is the main factor that causes waves? |
| wave | rhythmic back-and-forth motions of water that transfer energy |
| crest | the highest point of a wave |
| trough | the depression in the water between crests |
| period | the length of time between one crest and the next |
| choppy | waves that are different sizes and move in various directions causes water to be ______________ |
| whitecaps | Strong winds often whip the crests of waves into spray, causing waves to have white foamy crests called _____________ |
| ocean swells | gentle, rolling waves that may appear even during calm weather - they have lower, more rounded crests |
| To track glaciers after the Titanic sank. | Why did the International Ice Patrol form and what is its function? |
| form when large quantities of water from heavy breakers surge ashore and then retreat back to the sea but are trapped by sandbars. A narrow channel forms between the break in the sandbar. A person should swim with the current or parallel to the shore. | What causes a rip current and how can a person survive it? |
| deep depressions in the earth's surface that contain the oceans | What are ocean basins? |
| The Challenger Deep located in the Marianas Trench | What is the deepest known point in the sea? |
| Mid-Atlantic Ridge | What widely known underwater mountain chain extends down the middle of the Atlantic Ocean? |
| It causes them to move in a circular path | How does Earth's rotation affect ocean currents? |
| starts at the tip of Florida and travels toward Europe | Where does the Gulf Stream start and where does it travel? |
| The bottom of the wave "drags" and causes the wave to topple forward | Describe what happens when a wave nears and washes up on a beach |
| strong earthquakes | What usually causes a tsunami? |
| Diurnal - one high tide and one low tide each day Semidiurnal - two high tides and tow low tides each day Mixed semidiurnal - one high tide is higher than the other and one low tide is lower than the other | Compare diurnal tides, semidiurnal tides, and mixed semidiurnal tides |
| unusual flat-topped seamount | What is a guyot? |
| islands that grow around seamounts - formed by coral reefs | How does an atoll form? |
Created by:
misschapman
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