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Anatomy Exam 4
notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| telencephalon structures | cerebrum, cerebral cortex, caudate, putamin, globus pallidus, limbic system |
| diencephalon structures | thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus |
| mesencephalon structures | brainstem, midbrain |
| metencephaolon structures | pons, cerebellum |
| myelincephalon structures | medulla oblongata |
| neural crest structures | sensory ganglia, autonomic ganglia, schwann cells, adrenal medulla, digestive neuron, arachnid and piacovering |
| amygdala | involved in emotion, especially fear |
| basal ganglia | a group of telencephalonic nuclei that fine tune motor activity; caudate putamen, globulus pallidus |
| cerebrum | controls higher mental function |
| corpus collosum | white matter tract that connects two cerebral cortical hemispheres |
| epithalamus | regulates daily rhythms |
| hippocampus | involved in learning and memory |
| hypothalamus | regulates autonomic homeostasis |
| inferior colliculus | plays a role in sound localiation and associated reflexs |
| internal capsule | white matter tract that connects the cerebral cortex with other brain parts |
| medulla oblongata | vital to life: regulates breathing, heartbeat, blood pressure |
| midbrain | maintains consciousness |
| nucleus accumbens | involved in reward/addiction |
| pons | controls face sensory and motor functions, horizontal eye movement |
| subthalamic nucleus | diancephalic basal ganglia nucleus |
| superior colliculus | controls eye movement and pupil constriction |
| thalamus | functions as a sensory relay |
| cerebellum | hind brain structure that coordinates body movements |
| excitatory neurotransmitters | glutamate, aspartate |
| inhibitory neurotransmitters | GABA, glycine |
| peptide neurotransmitters | Substance P, enkephalin, endorphin |
| catecholamine neurotransmitters | dopamine, norepinephrin, epinephrine |
| neurotransmitter made by motor neurons | acetylcholine |
| neurotransmitter made by brainstem by locus coeruleus | norepinephrine |
| neurotransmitter made in brainstem by raphe nucleus | serotonin |
| neurotransmitter made in brainstem by substantia naigra | dopamine |
| increased release of neurotransmitter induces epilepsy | glutamate, aspartate |
| transmits pain sensation to periphery | substance p |
| increased activity results in schizophrenia | dopamine |
| increased activity results in mania | norepinephrine |
| PCP binds to receptor | glutamate |
| valium and barbituates bind with receptor | GABA |
| cocaine effects neurotransmitter | dopamine |
| LSD and Ecstacy activate receptor | serotonin |
| receptor is a Ca channel | glutamate |
| neurotransmitter degraded in synaptic cleft | acetylcholine |
| amphetamines increases release | dopamine |
| ALS/ Lou Gherigs disease | death of motor neurons due to gultamate neurotoxicity |
| myasthenia gravis | autoimmune destruction of acetylcholine receptors |
| anacephaly | high glucose levels resulting in rostral neural tube closure failure |
| alzheimers | death of nucleus basalis of meynert neurons that make acetylcholine |
| parkinsons disease | death of substantia naigra neurons that make dopamine |
| spina bifida | folic acid deficiency results in caudal neural tube closure failure |
Created by:
cburke4
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