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Chap 5 - Heredity

TermDefinition
Gregor Mendel "The Father of Modern Genetics" - studied heredity using pea plants at his monastery (He was a monk)
Genotype The entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits
Phenotype An organism's PHYSICAL appearance or other detectable characteristic
Heredity
Dominant Trait The trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred.
Recessive Trait The trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred.
What ratio for dominant to recessive traits did Mendel find? 3:1
Gene One set of instructions for an inherited trait
Allele One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color
Probability The mathematical chance that an event will occur
Homologous Chromosomes Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure
Meiosis A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number ny two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells
Sex Chromosomes One of the pair of chromoses that determine the gender of an individual
Pedigree A diagram that shows the occurance of a genetic trait in several generations of a family
Created by: MrsBarr
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