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Volcanoes

TermDefinition
Shield Volcano A type of volcano usually built almost entirely of fluid lava flows.
Cinder Cone A steep conical hill of tephra (volcanic debris) that accumulates around and downwind from a volcanic vent.
Composite Cone A conical volcano built up by many layers (strata) of hardened lava, tephra, pumice, and volcanic ash.
Scoria Cone Cinder Cone
Stratovolcano Composite Cone
Hot Spot An area of volcanic activity, especially where this is isolated.
Fissure A long, narrow opening or line of breakage made by cracking or splitting, especially in rock or earth.
Caldera A large volcanic crater, typically one formed by a major eruption leading to the collapse of the mouth of the volcano.
Pahoehoe Flow Basaltic lava forming smooth undulating or ropy masses.
Block Lava Basaltic lava in the form of a chaotic assemblage of angular blocks.
Pyroclastic Flow High-density mixtures of hot, dry rock fragments and hot gases that move away from the vent that erupted them at high speeds.
Bomb A lump of lava thrown out by a volcano.
Lahar A destructive mudflow on the slopes of a volcano.
Aa Flow Basaltic lava having a rough surface.
Viscosity The state of being thick, sticky, and semifluid in consistency, due to internal friction.
Volatiles Chemical species that under normal conditions of pressure and temperature exist in the gaseous phase.
Continental Volcanic Arc South America
Intraplate Volcanism Hotspot
Volcanic Island Arcs Offshore volcanoes.
Pacific Ring of Fire An area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean.
Created by: probinson28
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