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Biology

TermDefinition
Biosphere Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, including land, water, and the atmosphere.
Ecology The scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their physical environment.
Biome A group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms.
Ecosystem All the organisms that live in a place, together with their physical environment.
Community An assemblage of different populations that live together in a defined area.
Population A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area.
Species A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
Environment All external conditions and factors, living and nonliving (chemicals and energy), that affect an organism or other specified system during its lifetime.
Biotic Factor Any living part of the environment with which an organism might interact, including animals, plants, mushrooms, and bacteria.
Abiotic Factor Any nonliving part of the environment, such as sunlight, heat, precipitation, humidity, wind or water currents, soil type, and so on.
Autotroph Use solar or chemical energy to produce "food" by assembling inorganic compounds into complex organic molecules.
Photosynthesis Captures light energy and uses it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates.
Chemosynthesis Chemical energy is used to produce carbohydrates.
Carnivores Kill and eat each other.
Herbivores Obtain energy and nutrients by eating plant leaves.
Scavengers Consume the carcasses of other animals that have been killed by predators or have died from other causes.
Omnivores Animals whose diets include a variety of different foods that usually include both plants and animals.
Decomposers "Feed" by chemically breaking down organic matter
Detritivores Feed on detritus particles, often chewing or grinding them into smaller pieces
Detritus Waste or debris
Food Chain A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten.
Phytoplankton A mixture of floating algae
Food Web A series of organisms related by predator-prey and consumer-resource interactions; the entirety of interrelated food chains in an ecological community
Tropic Level Each step in a food chain or food web.
Ecological Pyramid Show the relative amount of energy or matter contained within each tropic level in a given food chain or food web
Biomass The total amount of living tissue within a given tropic level.
Pyramid of a Biomass The relative amount of living organic matter available at each tropic level in an ecosystem.
Pyramid of Numbers The relative number of individual organisms at each tropic level in an ecosystem.
Pyramid of Energy The relative amount of energy available at each tropic level of a food chain or food web.
Created by: hauckg18
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