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Microbiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Potato Blight | Phytophthora infestans- potatoes |
| Mould | Asperelligus sp. Penicillum sp.- Bread |
| White Fluff & Green discoloration | Mucor sp. & Psuedomonas- Meat |
| Difference between Perishable, Semi-Perishable and Non-Perishable | High water activity, intermediate water activity and low water activity |
| Water, pH, Physical structure, competition, nutritional composition | Intrinsic factors high-low neutral- low/acidic no rind/skin-rind/skin no microbial population-microbial population rich-limited |
| processing, preservatives, storage temp, packaging | Extrinsic factors unprocessed-processed without-with warm-cold exposed-wrapped/sealed |
| Water actvity | free water available in a product relative to the vapor pressure of pure water =1.0 |
| Addition of solutes | decreases water activity |
| 0.9,0.6.0.93,0.98 | 0.6 no microbial growth 0.9 most bacteria unable to grow 0.93 spoilage due to yeast and fungi 0.97- no growth gram -ve 0.93-0.98 no gram +ve growth |
| Prevent Growth | Competition Pickle Dry and add preservatives |
| Competition Rapid Growth and Outcompete (high numbers) | Sourdough bread Sauerkraut |